高校优秀男子击剑运动员前跨步时身体质心速度与下肢关节角度的关系

Kenta Chida, T. Inami, Shota Yamaguchi, Yasumasa Yoshida, N. Kohtake
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摘要

我们从速度和下肢关节角度的角度研究了击剑中向前弓步的影响,以确定关节角度如何对向前弓步(LWA)的峰值速度做出贡献。14名技术娴熟的运动员(年龄:19.6±0.9岁,身高:171.2 cm±5.2 cm,体重:63.7 kg±5.3 kg,击剑经验:9.7±3.1岁)参加了两种类型的进攻动作,并用3D动作分析系统收集数据。揭示了前弓步中身体重心(CoM)的峰值速度与几个关节角度变量(髋关节峰值屈曲角(r=0.63)、踝关节峰值背屈角(r=-0.66)、踝运动范围(r=-0.59)和髋关节峰值伸展角(r=0.54))之间的相关性。此外,显著预测LWA过程中CoM峰值速度的关节角度变量是后膝峰值屈曲角(β=0.542)、后膝峰值伸展角(β=-0.537)和前膝峰值伸展角度(β=-0.460)。我们的研究结果表明,后腿髋关节、后腿踝关节和前腿髋关节可能控制LWA产生的加速度。此外,在弓步的早期阶段,后腿膝关节的更多屈曲以及在弓步阶段结束时,后腿和前腿膝关节的更大伸展可能有助于增加峰值速度。
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Relationship between Body Center of Mass Velocity and Lower Limb Joint Angles during Advance Lunge in Skilled Male University Fencers
We investigated the influence of advance lunging in fencing from the perspective of velocity and lower limb joint angles to identify how the joint angles contribute to the peak velocity in a lunge with advance (LWA). Fourteen skilled athletes (age: 19.6 ± 0.9 years, height: 171.2 cm ± 5.2 cm, weight: 63.7 kg ± 5.3 kg, and fencing experience: 9.7 ± 3.1 years) participated by performing two types of attacking movements, and data were collected with a 3D movement analysis system. A correlation between the peak velocity of the body center of mass (CoM) in an advance lunge and several joint angle variables (rear hip peak flexion angle (r = 0.63), rear ankle peak dorsiflexion angle (r = −0.66), rear ankle range of motion (r = −0.59), and front hip peak extension angle (r = 0.54)) was revealed. In addition, the joint angle variables that significantly predicted peak CoM velocity during an LWA were the rear knee peak flexion angle (β = 0.542), rear knee peak extension angle (β = −0.537), and front knee peak extension angle (β = −0.460). Our findings suggest that the rear leg hip joint, rear leg ankle joint, and front leg hip joint may control the acceleration generated by an LWA. Furthermore, more flexion of the rear leg knee joint in the early phase of the lunge and greater extension of the rear and front leg knee joints at the end of the lunge phase may help increase peak velocity.
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