从公元79年维苏威火山热潮中丧生的赫库兰尼姆遇难者身上恢复并扩增古代DNA

IF 1.1 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOLOGY Turkish Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI:10.3906/BIY-1702-48
F. Guarino, C. Buccelli, V. Graziano, P. L. Porta, M. Mezzasalma, G. Odierna, M. Paternoster, P. Petrone
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引用次数: 3

摘要

在热损伤的考古骨骼中,DNA的数量、质量和扩增能力在很大程度上取决于加热的程度和埋葬的环境条件。在这项研究中,我们测试了从公元79年维苏威火山爆发的赫库兰尼姆受害者的人骨遗骸中提取和扩增古代DNA的可能性,使用了组织化学和分子方法的结合。从四个标本中提取的长骨样品具有不同程度的颜色和形态变化,与暴露于约300°C的温度一致。使用组织化学染色,来自三个个体的骨冷冻切片显示骨细胞腔窝内的DNA,但只有一个样本的DNA适合PCR扩增,即通过与X和Y AMEL位点的引物对反应获得。相对序列与GenBank中保存的AMELX同源性状有6个碱基的差异,可能是由于死亡后的降解过程所致。我们的数据表明,考虑到尸体埋葬和骨骼保存的有利条件,例如公元79年赫库兰尼姆和庞贝的受害者,暴露在约300°C高温下的考古骨头应该被考虑用于DNA分析。
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Recovery and amplification of ancient DNA from Herculaneum victims killed by the 79 AD Vesuvius hot surges
n thermally damaged archaeological bones the quantity, quality, and amplifiability of DNA are very much reliant on both the extent of heating and the environmental conditions of the burial context. In this study we tested the possibility of extracting and amplifying ancient DNA from human bone remains of Herculaneum victims of the 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius using a combination of histochemical and molecular methods. Long bone samples with variable degrees of chromatic and morphological alterations consistent with exposure to temperatures of about 300 °C were taken from four specimens. Using histochemical stains, bone cryostat sections from three individuals revealed DNA within osteocyte lacunae but only for one sample the DNA was suitable for PCR amplification obtained, namely from reactions with the primer pair for X and Y amelogenin (AMEL) loci. The relative sequence differed from the homologous trait of AMELX deposited in GenBank for six bases, probably due to degradation processes following death. Our data are indicative that archaeological bones exposed to high temperatures of about 300 °C should be considered for DNA analysis, given the favorable conditions of corpse burial and skeleton preservation, such as those that occurred for the 79 AD victims in Herculaneum and Pompeii.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Turkish Journal of Biology is published electronically 6 times a year by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) and accepts English-language manuscripts concerning all kinds of biological processes including biochemistry and biosynthesis, physiology and metabolism, molecular genetics, molecular biology, genomics, proteomics, molecular farming, biotechnology/genetic transformation, nanobiotechnology, bioinformatics and systems biology, cell and developmental biology, stem cell biology, and reproductive biology. Contribution is open to researchers of all nationalities.
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