Analysis of gross radioactivity in drinking water around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant from 2016 to 2018

Objective To understand the background level of total radioactivity in drinking water around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant. Methods According to the original plan of the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, the monitoring of gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in drinking water during dry and rain periods around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant, and water samples were collected including source water, factory water, peripheral water and reservoir water. Results A gross of 200 water samples were monitored at 35 sampling sites from 2016 to 2018. The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in the dry period were (0.038 ± 0.033) Bq/L and (0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L. The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in the wet period were (0.038 ± 0.024) Bq/L and (0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L. There were statistically significant differences in gross α and gross β radioactivity levels between the source water and the other water during the dry season ( P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in different years ( P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in gross α and gross β radioactivity levels at different distances from the nuclear power plant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion The gross α level and gross β level of radioactivity in drinking water around Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant are in line with the standard of drinking water, regular, fixed and continuous monitoring should be carried out, and radionuclide monitoring and radiological investigation should be carried out on this basis. In view of the density of personnel in the vicinity of nuclear power plants in China, nuclear emergency preparedness training should also be strengthened. 摘要： 目的 了解田湾核电站周边的饮用水中总放射性本底水平。 方法 根据原国家卫生计划委员会方案要求在田 湾核电站周围开展枯水期、丰水期饮用水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平监测, 采集水样包括水源水、出厂水、末梢水及水库 水。 结果 2016—2018 年共 35 个采样点监测水样 200 份。枯水期总 α、总 β 放射性水平分别为 (0.038 ± 0.033) Bq/L、(0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L, 丰水期总 α、总 β 放射性水平分别为 (0.038 ± 0.024) Bq/L、(0.11 ± 0.03) Bq/L。枯水期的水源水其 他水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平差异有统计学意义 ( P < 0.05)。不同年份的水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平差异有统计学意义 ( P < 0.05)。距核电站不同距离的水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平差异有统计学意义 ( P < 0.05)。 结论 田湾核电站周边的 饮用水中总 α、总 β 放射性水平均符合生活饮用水标准, 应坚持定期、定点、持续开展监测, 并在此基础上开展放射性 核素监测和放射生态学调查等研宄。考虑到我国核电站周边人员密集, 应加强人员的核应急培训。