Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.021
Chen Yunzhi, L. Wenwu
Objective To investigate the predictive value of MSCT imaging features on the pathological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The MSCT manifestations of 120 GISTs patients confirmed by operation, pathology and immunohistochemistry were analyzed retrospectively. The age of tumor onset, location, maximum diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cystic necrosis, calcification, peritumoralfat space, enhancement pattern, peritumoralor intratumoral vessels, peak period of enhancement, metastasis, and the relationship between Ki-67 proliferation index and pathological risk grade were also analyzed. Results Among 120 cases, there were 55 cases of extremely low and low risk, 28 cases of moderate risk, and 37 cases of high risk. There were significant differences in location, tumor diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cystic necrosis, peritumoral fat space, enhancement pattern, peritumoral or intratumoral vessels, peak period of enhancement, and Ki-67 proliferation index of GISTs ( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in calcification, CT plain scan, enhanced scan (3 phase), peak value and Ap、Vp、Dp of GISTs with different risk ( P > 0.05). Conclusion There are differences in the performance of multi-layer spiral CT (MSCT) in GISTs with different risk levels. It is closely related to the classification of pathological risk. For the diagnosis of GISTs, clinical treatment plan formulation and prognosis, it has important reference value. 摘要： 目的 探讨 MSCT 影像特征对胃肠道间质瘤 (GISTs) 病理危险度的预测价值。 方法 回顾性分析120例经手 术、病理及免疫组化证实的GISTs患者的MSCT表现, 分析肿瘤的发病年龄、部位、肿瘤最大径、形态、生长方式、囊变 坏死、有无钙化、瘤周脂肪间隙、强化方式、瘤周或瘤内血管、强化峰值所在期、有无转移以及Ki-67增殖指数与病理危 险程度分级之间关系。 结果 120例病例中分别有极低度和低度危险55例, 中度危险28例, 高度危险37例。不同危 险程度GISTs在病变的部位、肿瘤最大径、形态、生长方式、囊变坏死、瘤周脂肪间隙、强化方式、瘤周或瘤内血管以及 强化峰值所在期方面均有统计学差异( P < 0.05); Ki-67增殖指数方面有统计学差异 ( P < 0.05)。而不同危险度的 GISTs在病变有无钙化及CT平扫、增强扫描 (三期) CT值、强化峰值、Ap、Vp、Dp方面无统计学差异( P > 0.05)。 结论 不同危险度的GISTs的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)表现存在差异, 且与病理危险程度分级具有密切关系, 对GISTs 的诊断、临床治疗方案制订及判断预后有重要参考价值。
Objective To investigate the predictive value of MSCT imaging features on the pathological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) Methods The MSCT specifications of 120 GISTs patients confirmed by operation, pathology, and immunohistochemistry were analyzed retrospectively The age of transistor onset, location, maximum diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cyclical intersection, calibration, periumoralfat space, enhancement pattern, periumoralor intraluminal vessels, peak period of enhancement, metastasis, and the relationship between Ki-67 promotion index and pathological risk grade were also analyzed Results Among 120 cases, there were 55 cases of extreme low and low risk, 28 cases of modeled risk, and 37 cases of high risk There were significant differences in location, tumor diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cyclic Necrosis, permanent fat space, enhancement pattern, permanent or internal vessels, peak period of enhancement, and Ki-67 promotion index of GISTs (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in calculation, CT plain scan, enhanced scan (3 phases), Peak value and Ap, Vp Dp of GISTs with different risk (P>0.05). Conclusion There are differences in the performance of multi layer spiral CT (MSCT) in GISTs with different risk levels It is closely related to the classification of pathological risk For the diagnosis of GISTs, clinical treatment plan formulation and diagnosis, it has important reference value Abstract: Objective To explore the predictive value of MSCT imaging features on the pathological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the MSCT manifestations of 120 GISTs patients confirmed by surgery, pathology, and immunohistochemistry. The age, location, maximum diameter, morphology, growth mode, cystic necrosis, presence or absence of calcification, peritumoral fat space, enhancement mode, peritumoral or intratumoral blood vessels, peak enhancement period, presence or absence of metastasis, and the relationship between Ki-67 proliferation index and pathological risk grading were analyzed. Among the 120 cases, there were 55 cases with extremely low and low risk, 28 cases with moderate risk, and 37 cases with high risk, respectively. GISTs with different risk levels showed statistical differences in the location of the lesion, maximum diameter, morphology, growth mode, cystic necrosis, peritumoral fat space, enhancement mode, peritumoral or intra tumoral blood vessels, and the period of peak enhancement (P<0.05); There was a statistical difference in Ki-67 proliferation index (P<0.05). However, GISTs with different risk levels showed no statistically significant differences in the presence or absence of calcification, CT values on plain and enhanced scans (phase III), peak enhancement, Ap, Vp, and Dp (P>0.05). Conclusion: There are differences in the multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) manifestations of GISTs with different risk levels, and it is closely related to
{"title":"The predictive value of MSCT imaging features on the pathological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors","authors":"Chen Yunzhi, L. Wenwu","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the predictive value of MSCT imaging features on the pathological\u0000 risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).\u0000 Methods The MSCT manifestations of 120 GISTs patients confirmed by operation, pathology and\u0000 immunohistochemistry were analyzed retrospectively. The age of tumor onset, location,\u0000 maximum diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cystic necrosis, calcification, peritumoralfat\u0000 space, enhancement pattern, peritumoralor intratumoral vessels, peak period of enhancement,\u0000 metastasis, and the relationship between Ki-67 proliferation index and pathological\u0000 risk grade were also analyzed.\u0000 Results Among 120 cases, there were 55 cases of extremely low and low risk, 28 cases of moderate\u0000 risk, and 37 cases of high risk. There were significant differences in location, tumor\u0000 diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cystic necrosis, peritumoral fat space, enhancement\u0000 pattern, peritumoral or intratumoral vessels, peak period of enhancement, and Ki-67\u0000 proliferation index of GISTs (\u0000 P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in calcification, CT plain scan, enhanced\u0000 scan (3 phase), peak value and Ap、Vp、Dp of GISTs with different risk (\u0000 P > 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion There are differences in the performance of multi-layer spiral CT (MSCT) in GISTs\u0000 with different risk levels. It is closely related to the classification of pathological\u0000 risk. For the diagnosis of GISTs, clinical treatment plan formulation and prognosis,\u0000 it has important reference value.\u0000 摘要： 目的 探讨 MSCT 影像特征对胃肠道间质瘤 (GISTs) 病理危险度的预测价值。\u0000 方法 回顾性分析120例经手 术、病理及免疫组化证实的GISTs患者的MSCT表现, 分析肿瘤的发病年龄、部位、肿瘤最大径、形态、生长方式、囊变 坏死、有无钙化、瘤周脂肪间隙、强化方式、瘤周或瘤内血管、强化峰值所在期、有无转移以及Ki-67增殖指数与病理危\u0000 险程度分级之间关系。\u0000 结果 120例病例中分别有极低度和低度危险55例, 中度危险28例, 高度危险37例。不同危 险程度GISTs在病变的部位、肿瘤最大径、形态、生长方式、囊变坏死、瘤周脂肪间隙、强化方式、瘤周或瘤内血管以及\u0000 强化峰值所在期方面均有统计学差异(\u0000 P < 0.05); Ki-67增殖指数方面有统计学差异 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。而不同危险度的 GISTs在病变有无钙化及CT平扫、增强扫描 (三期) CT值、强化峰值、Ap、Vp、Dp方面无统计学差异(\u0000 P > 0.05)。\u0000 结论 不同危险度的GISTs的多层螺旋CT(MSCT)表现存在差异, 且与病理危险程度分级具有密切关系, 对GISTs 的诊断、临床治疗方案制订及判断预后有重要参考价值。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42171026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Editor's note: In order to celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, comprehensively promote the construction of a healthy China, focus on innovative achievements, major events, and typical figures that have played an important role in promoting the development of China's health industry, and provide strong ideological guarantees and spiritual strength for the good start of the 14th Five Year Plan for the health industry, this magazine has specially designed a column titled "The Party Seeks Health for the People for 100 Years", Focus on typical figures who have made significant contributions to the field of radiation medicine in China. This issue introduces Professor Cheng Tianmin, a former medical scientist of China's national defense, a 68 year old national outstanding Communist Party member, a first class meritorious official, and an academician of the CAE Member.
{"title":"Academician Cheng Tianmin, an old scientist in the field of radiation medicine","authors":"Ran Xinze, Yuan Yang, Wang Junping","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"【编者按】 为庆祝建党百年华诞, 全面推进健康中国建设, 聚焦对我国卫生健康事业发展有重要推动作用 的创新成果、重大事件、典型人物, 为卫生健康事业“十四五”开好局起好步提供坚强思想保证和强大精神力\u0000 量, 本刊特设“党为人民谋健康的 100 年”专栏, 重点报道为我国辐射医学领域作出重要贡献的典型人物。本期 介绍我国防原医学老科学家、有 68 年党龄的全国优秀共产党员、一等功臣、中国工程院院士程天民教授。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49174148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective To understand the level of quality control in medical linear accelerator in Guangxi, and to provide technical support for the health administrative department to make related standards. Methods To select medical linear accelerators in Guangxi by random sampling method. Results A total of 118 accelerators were checked in 2017—2019, the initial inspection pass rates of medical linear accelerators were 56.8% and re-inspect pass rate were 96.6%. Conclusion The quality control level of the radiology institutions needs to be improved. The health administrative department should strengthen routine management, it is necessary to implement quality control in medical linear accelerator. 摘要： 目的 了解广西省医用电子直线加速器设备性能的质量控制水平, 为卫生行政部门研宄制定医用电子直线加 速器卫生标准和质量控制检测规范提供技术支持。 方法 采用随机抽样方法, 对广西省部分医用电子直线加速器进 行质控检测。 结果 2017—2019 年累计检测 118 台次加速器, 加速器质控检测(包括 X 射线和电子束)总初检合格率 为 56.8%, 总复检合格率为 96.6%; 二级、三级医院加速器质控检测初检合格率分别为 32.0%、62.2%, 差异有统计学意 义 ( P < 0.05), 初检合格率最低的指标是辐射剂量示值误差, 其次是辐射野均整度。 结论 广西省医用电子直线加速器 质量控制水平有待提高;卫生行政部门应进一步加强对加速器质控检测的监督, 定期开展加速器质控检测。
Objective To understand the level of quality control in medical linear accelerator in Guangxi, and to provide technical support for the health administrative department to make related standards. Methods To select medical linear accelerators in Guangxi by random sampling method. Results A total of 118 accelerators were checked in 2017—2019, the initial inspection pass rates of medical linear accelerators were 56.8% and re-inspect pass rate were 96.6%. Conclusion The quality control level of the radiology institutions needs to be improved. The health administrative department should strengthen routine management, it is necessary to implement quality control in medical linear accelerator. 摘要： 目的 了解广西省医用电子直线加速器设备性能的质量控制水平, 为卫生行政部门研宄制定医用电子直线加 速器卫生标准和质量控制检测规范提供技术支持。 方法 采用随机抽样方法, 对广西省部分医用电子直线加速器进 行质控检测。 结果 2017—2019 年累计检测 118 台次加速器, 加速器质控检测(包括 X 射线和电子束)总初检合格率 为 56.8%, 总复检合格率为 96.6%; 二级、三级医院加速器质控检测初检合格率分别为 32.0%、62.2%, 差异有统计学意 义 ( P < 0.05), 初检合格率最低的指标是辐射剂量示值误差, 其次是辐射野均整度。 结论 广西省医用电子直线加速器 质量控制水平有待提高;卫生行政部门应进一步加强对加速器质控检测的监督, 定期开展加速器质控检测。
{"title":"Analysis of quality control test results of medical electron linear accelerators in Guangxi Province 2017—2019","authors":"Dong Ying, Wu Yingyu, Tang Mengjian, Qin Zhiying, Xie Ping, Chen Faxiang, Chen Zhangfan","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the level of quality control in medical linear accelerator in Guangxi,\u0000 and to provide technical support for the health administrative department to make\u0000 related standards.\u0000 Methods To select medical linear accelerators in Guangxi by random sampling method.\u0000 Results A total of 118 accelerators were checked in 2017—2019, the initial inspection pass\u0000 rates of medical linear accelerators were 56.8% and re-inspect pass rate were 96.6%.\u0000 Conclusion The quality control level of the radiology institutions needs to be improved. The\u0000 health administrative department should strengthen routine management, it is necessary\u0000 to implement quality control in medical linear accelerator.\u0000 摘要： 目的 了解广西省医用电子直线加速器设备性能的质量控制水平, 为卫生行政部门研宄制定医用电子直线加 速器卫生标准和质量控制检测规范提供技术支持。\u0000 方法 采用随机抽样方法, 对广西省部分医用电子直线加速器进 行质控检测。\u0000 结果 2017—2019 年累计检测 118 台次加速器, 加速器质控检测(包括 X 射线和电子束)总初检合格率 为 56.8%, 总复检合格率为 96.6%; 二级、三级医院加速器质控检测初检合格率分别为\u0000 32.0%、62.2%, 差异有统计学意 义 (\u0000 P < 0.05), 初检合格率最低的指标是辐射剂量示值误差, 其次是辐射野均整度。\u0000 结论 广西省医用电子直线加速器 质量控制水平有待提高;卫生行政部门应进一步加强对加速器质控检测的监督, 定期开展加速器质控检测。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42263570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.016
Sun Zhongtao, J. Yishan, Zhang Dong, Zhao Xin
Objective Radiation safety of emergency repair personnel in the reactor cabin under the natural circulation condition of the reactor is studied, the radiation protection method of emergency repair personnel in the reactor cabin is described, which provides a theoretical reference for personnel radiation protection and emergency repair time control. Methods The radiation was simulated by the Monte Carlo method for emergency repair personnel in the reactor cabin under the natural circulation condition of the reactor, and the radiation was also analyzed with the radiation data measured by experiments in the reactor cabin under the natural circulation condition of the reactor. Results The neutron dose of external irradiation about reactor simulated computation was 140 µSv/h, and gamma radiation dose rate was 48 µSv/h. By experiment and calculation, the effective dose received by emergency repair personnel in the 30-minutein the reactor cabin was 2.2 mSv. Conclusions Under the natural circulation condition of the reactor, the gamma radiation is harmful to emergency repair personnel, but the focus of protection is different locations for maintenance. It’s safe for emergency personnel to repair the reactor in 30 minutes in turn, wearing the respirators. 摘要： 目的 开展对反应堆自然循环工况下抢修人员辐射安全研宄, 阐述反应堆舱应急抢修人员辐射防护方法, 为应 急抢修人员辐射防护和抢修时间控制提供理论参考。 方法 针对反应堆自然循环工况下抢修人员辐射情况, 利用蒙 特卡罗方法进行模拟计算, 并结合自然循环工况下反应堆舱实验测量的辐射数据进行验证分析。 结果 反应堆外照 射模拟计算中子剂量率约为 140 µSv/h, γ 辐射剂量率为 48 µSv/h, 实验测量计算抢修人员在 30 min 堆舱内受到的有效 剂量为 2.2 mSv。 结论 自然循环功率下进堆舱抢修, γ 辐射对抢修人员危害大, 但在不同的位置维修, 防护重点又有 不同;佩戴呼吸器, 30 min 轮流抢修的方式, 对抢修人员是安全的。
{"title":"Radiation safety analysis of emergency repair personnel in the reactor cabin under the natural circulation condition of the reactor","authors":"Sun Zhongtao, J. Yishan, Zhang Dong, Zhao Xin","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Radiation safety of emergency repair personnel in the reactor cabin under the natural\u0000 circulation condition of the reactor is studied, the radiation protection method of\u0000 emergency repair personnel in the reactor cabin is described, which provides a theoretical\u0000 reference for personnel radiation protection and emergency repair time control.\u0000 Methods The radiation was simulated by the Monte Carlo method for emergency repair personnel\u0000 in the reactor cabin under the natural circulation condition of the reactor, and the\u0000 radiation was also analyzed with the radiation data measured by experiments in the\u0000 reactor cabin under the natural circulation condition of the reactor.\u0000 Results The neutron dose of external irradiation about reactor simulated computation was\u0000 140 µSv/h, and gamma radiation dose rate was 48 µSv/h. By experiment and calculation,\u0000 the effective dose received by emergency repair personnel in the 30-minutein the reactor\u0000 cabin was 2.2 mSv.\u0000 Conclusions Under the natural circulation condition of the reactor, the gamma radiation is harmful\u0000 to emergency repair personnel, but the focus of protection is different locations\u0000 for maintenance. It’s safe for emergency personnel to repair the reactor in 30 minutes\u0000 in turn, wearing the respirators.\u0000 摘要： 目的 开展对反应堆自然循环工况下抢修人员辐射安全研宄, 阐述反应堆舱应急抢修人员辐射防护方法, 为应 急抢修人员辐射防护和抢修时间控制提供理论参考。\u0000 方法 针对反应堆自然循环工况下抢修人员辐射情况, 利用蒙 特卡罗方法进行模拟计算, 并结合自然循环工况下反应堆舱实验测量的辐射数据进行验证分析。\u0000 结果 反应堆外照 射模拟计算中子剂量率约为 140 µSv/h, γ 辐射剂量率为 48 µSv/h, 实验测量计算抢修人员在 30 min 堆舱内受到的有效 剂量为\u0000 2.2 mSv。\u0000 结论 自然循环功率下进堆舱抢修, γ 辐射对抢修人员危害大, 但在不同的位置维修, 防护重点又有 不同;佩戴呼吸器, 30 min 轮流抢修的方式, 对抢修人员是安全的。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45419607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.018
Wang Shuo, Tuo Fei
Since the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the radioactive contamination in food caused by the nuclear accident has been widely concerned by people. There have been a lot of studies on concentrated radionuclides in mushrooms in foreign countries, but the research on radionuclides content and transfer distribution mechanism of radionuclides in mushrooms is almost blank in China. Studies have shown that mushrooms have a strong adsorption capacity on radionuclides. As a common food in daily life, therefore, it is of great significance to study the content of radionuclides in mushrooms for evaluating the internal dose in the human body. In this paper, the types of radionuclides in mushrooms and the methods of their transfer and distribution in mushrooms were reviewed, and the research status and development trends at domestic and abroad in recent years were emphasized, in order to provide theoretical support for the future basic research. 摘要： 切尔诺贝利核事故后, 由核事故导致的食品中放射性污染受到广泛关注。国外对蘑菇浓集放射性核素已有大 量研宄, 而我国目前关于蘑菇中放射性核素含量及转移分布机理的研宄几乎处于空白。蘑菇作为人们日常消费的食 品, 研宄表明其对放射性核素具有较强的吸附作用, 因此开展蘑菇中的放射性核素含量研宄对评估人体内照射剂量具 有重要意义。本文综述了蘑菇中放射性核素的种类、蘑菇中放射性核素的转移分布研宄方法, 并重点阐述了近年来国 内外研宄现状, 旨在为今后的基础研宄提供理论支撑。
Since the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the radioactive contamination in food caused by the nuclear accident has been widely suspected by people There have been a lot of studies on centralized radio credits in rooms in foreign countries, but the research on radio credits content and transfer distribution mechanism of radio credits in rooms is also most blank in China Studies have shown that Mushrooms have a strong advertising capacity on radios As a common food in daily life, there are, it is of great significance to study the content of radiologies in classrooms for evaluating the internal doses in the human body In this paper, the types of radiologies in rooms and the methods of their transfer and distribution in rooms were reviewed, and the research status and development trends at domestic and abroad in recent years were emphasized, in order to provide theoretical support for the future basic research Abstract: After the Chernobyl nuclear accident, radioactive contamination in food caused by the accident has received widespread attention. There has been extensive research on the concentration of radioactive nuclides in mushrooms abroad, while research on the content and transfer distribution mechanism of radioactive nuclides in mushrooms in China is currently almost blank. As a daily food consumed by people, research has shown that mushrooms have a strong adsorption effect on radioactive nuclides. Therefore, conducting research on the content of radioactive nuclides in mushrooms is of great significance for evaluating the internal radiation dose of the human body. This article reviews the types of radioactive nuclides in mushrooms, the research methods for the transfer and distribution of radioactive nuclides in mushrooms, and focuses on the current research status at home and abroad in recent years, aiming to provide theoretical support for future basic research.
{"title":"A review of transfer distribution and content of radionuclides in mushrooms","authors":"Wang Shuo, Tuo Fei","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.018","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the radioactive contamination in food caused\u0000 by the nuclear accident has been widely concerned by people. There have been a lot\u0000 of studies on concentrated radionuclides in mushrooms in foreign countries, but the\u0000 research on radionuclides content and transfer distribution mechanism of radionuclides\u0000 in mushrooms is almost blank in China. Studies have shown that mushrooms have a strong\u0000 adsorption capacity on radionuclides. As a common food in daily life, therefore, it\u0000 is of great significance to study the content of radionuclides in mushrooms for evaluating\u0000 the internal dose in the human body. In this paper, the types of radionuclides in\u0000 mushrooms and the methods of their transfer and distribution in mushrooms were reviewed,\u0000 and the research status and development trends at domestic and abroad in recent years\u0000 were emphasized, in order to provide theoretical support for the future basic research.\u0000 摘要： 切尔诺贝利核事故后, 由核事故导致的食品中放射性污染受到广泛关注。国外对蘑菇浓集放射性核素已有大 量研宄, 而我国目前关于蘑菇中放射性核素含量及转移分布机理的研宄几乎处于空白。蘑菇作为人们日常消费的食\u0000 品, 研宄表明其对放射性核素具有较强的吸附作用, 因此开展蘑菇中的放射性核素含量研宄对评估人体内照射剂量具 有重要意义。本文综述了蘑菇中放射性核素的种类、蘑菇中放射性核素的转移分布研宄方法,\u0000 并重点阐述了近年来国 内外研宄现状, 旨在为今后的基础研宄提供理论支撑。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44381271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.014
Yang Li, Wang Lijiao, Shao Minggang, Kong Fanfan, Wang Zhongwen
Objective To discuss the quality control measures of the thermoluminescent dosimetry system and to verify its propriety of when used in environmental radiation monitoring. Methods The quality control measures included the stability test, the dispersibility screening and the uncertainty evaluation of measurement results of the TLD reader and TLD detector, in addition, the environmental radiation accumulated dose monitoring results obtained by the high pressure ionization chamber were compared with those by the thermoluminescent dosimetry system. Results The variation range of TLD reader’s light source coefficient is within 0.070~0.073 during the preheating and measuring process, which meets the requirements of stability; The χ 2 value of the TLD detector is 2.088, which obeys the normal distribution; The thermoluminescent dosimetry system’s nonlinear response, coefficient of variation and energy response meet the measurement requirements; There is a deviation of −6.58% the largest between the cumulative dose obtained by TLD and the high pressure ionization chamber. Conclusion The quality control measures discussed in this paper can be used as a reference for similar thermoluminescent dosimetry system. Our system has passed all the tests and can meet the environmental radiation cumulative dose monitoring requirements. 摘要： 目的 探讨热释光测量系统的质量控制方法, 验证热释光测量系统能否准确有效的用于环境辐射水平监测。 方法 采取的环境辐射监测用热释光测量系统质量控制方法包括热释光测量系统的稳定性检验、热释光探测器的分 散性筛选、测量结果不确定度评定, 并与高气压电离室测量方法进行对比。 结果 读出器预热及测读过程中光源系数 变化范围在 0.070~0.073, 稳定性符合使用要求; 热释光探测器的 χ 2 值为 2.088, 服从正态分布;热释光测量系统满足 非线性响应、变异系数和能量响应的计量要求; 热释光累积剂量测量结果与高气压电离室相比偏差最大 −6.58%。 结论 本实验室采取的质控措施可作为同类热释光测量系统的质控措施的参考;本实验室的热释光测量系统通过了 各项检验, 满足环境辐射累积剂量监测的使用要求。
Objective To discuss the quality control measures of the thermoluminescent dosimetry system and to verify its priority of when used in environmental radiation monitoring Methods The quality control measures include the stability test, the stability screening and the uncertainty evaluation of measurement results of the TLD reader and TLD detector, in addition, the environmental radiation accumulated do monitoring results observed by the high pressure ionization chamber were compared with those by the thermoluminescent dosimetry system The variation range of TLD reader's light source coefficient is within 0.070~0.073 during the preheating and measuring process, which meets the requirements of stability; The χ 2 values of the TLD detector is 2.088, which objects the normal distribution; The thermoluminescence dose dose system's non-linear response, coefficient of variation and energy response meet the measurement requirements; There is a deviation of − 6.58% of the largest between the cumulative dose observed by TLD and the high pressure ionization chamber Conclusion The quality control measures discussed in this paper can be used as a reference for similar thermoluminescent dosmetry system Our system has passed all the tests and can meet the environmental radiation cumulative dose monitoring requirements Abstract: Objective: To explore the quality control methods of thermoluminescence measurement systems and verify whether the thermoluminescence measurement system can be accurately and effectively used for monitoring environmental radiation levels. The quality control methods adopted for the environmental radiation monitoring using the thermoluminescence measurement system include stability testing of the thermoluminescence measurement system, dispersion screening of the thermoluminescence detector, evaluation of measurement uncertainty, and comparison with the high-pressure ionization chamber measurement method. The variation range of the light source coefficient during the preheating and reading process of the result reader is 0.070~0.073, which meets the stability requirements for use; Thermoluminescence detector χ The 2-value is 2.088, which follows a normal distribution; The thermoluminescence measurement system meets the metrological requirements of nonlinear response, coefficient of variation, and energy response; The maximum deviation between the cumulative dose measurement results of thermoluminescence and the high-pressure ionization chamber is -6.58%. Conclusion: The quality control measures taken by our laboratory can serve as a reference for the quality control measures of similar thermoluminescence measurement systems; The thermoluminescence measurement system in our laboratory has passed various tests and meets the requirements for monitoring the cumulative dose of environmental radiation.
{"title":"Quality control measures of thermoluminescent dosimetry system used in environmental radiation monitoring","authors":"Yang Li, Wang Lijiao, Shao Minggang, Kong Fanfan, Wang Zhongwen","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To discuss the quality control measures of the thermoluminescent dosimetry system\u0000 and to verify its propriety of when used in environmental radiation monitoring.\u0000 Methods The quality control measures included the stability test, the dispersibility screening\u0000 and the uncertainty evaluation of measurement results of the TLD reader and TLD detector,\u0000 in addition, the environmental radiation accumulated dose monitoring results obtained\u0000 by the high pressure ionization chamber were compared with those by the thermoluminescent\u0000 dosimetry system.\u0000 Results The variation range of TLD reader’s light source coefficient is within 0.070~0.073\u0000 during the preheating and measuring process, which meets the requirements of stability;\u0000 The χ\u0000 2 value of the TLD detector is 2.088, which obeys the normal distribution; The thermoluminescent\u0000 dosimetry system’s nonlinear response, coefficient of variation and energy response\u0000 meet the measurement requirements; There is a deviation of −6.58% the largest between\u0000 the cumulative dose obtained by TLD and the high pressure ionization chamber.\u0000 Conclusion The quality control measures discussed in this paper can be used as a reference for\u0000 similar thermoluminescent dosimetry system. Our system has passed all the tests and\u0000 can meet the environmental radiation cumulative dose monitoring requirements.\u0000 摘要： 目的 探讨热释光测量系统的质量控制方法, 验证热释光测量系统能否准确有效的用于环境辐射水平监测。\u0000 方法 采取的环境辐射监测用热释光测量系统质量控制方法包括热释光测量系统的稳定性检验、热释光探测器的分 散性筛选、测量结果不确定度评定, 并与高气压电离室测量方法进行对比。\u0000 结果 读出器预热及测读过程中光源系数 变化范围在 0.070~0.073, 稳定性符合使用要求; 热释光探测器的 χ\u0000 2 值为 2.088, 服从正态分布;热释光测量系统满足 非线性响应、变异系数和能量响应的计量要求; 热释光累积剂量测量结果与高气压电离室相比偏差最大 −6.58%。\u0000 结论 本实验室采取的质控措施可作为同类热释光测量系统的质控措施的参考;本实验室的热释光测量系统通过了 各项检验, 满足环境辐射累积剂量监测的使用要求。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44930456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.006
He Lijuan, Z. Ling, He Tinggui, Yin Chunxu, Hu Xi, Liang Baohui
Objective Based on the anthropomorphic phantom experiment and Monte Carlo simulation, the patients’ skin dose, professionals’ dose, and spatial distribution of DSA (Digital Subtraction Angiography) radiation field in an intervention procedure, was performed, in order to provide the basis for the inference of patients’ skin injury and professionals’ radiation protection in intervention procedure. Methods In the simulation experiment, a PBU-60 anthropomorphic phantom was used as the patient and the skin dose of patient’s abdomen was measured by TLD (Thermoluminescence Dosimeters). X-ray and gamma radiation dosimeter (AT1121) was applied to measure the spatial distribution of DSA radiation field, which was verified using Monte Carlo software MCNP meanwhile. Furthermore, the radiation dosimetry of operative staffs at different stations and under different protection conditions was studied experimentally. Results The experimental measurements showed that the maximum skin dose of patients every 5-minute fluoroscopy was 18.62 mGy under the irradiation of PA in an abdominal interventional procedure. The results of Monte Carlo simulation and measurement experiments showed that the spatial distribution of DSA radiation fieldis similar to the butterfly distribution, which is related to distance and angle. The experimental results showed that the dose rate decreases exponentially with the increase of lead equivalent. Conclusion It is very significant to carry out skin dose measurementof patients during interventional surgery and follow-up patients with high dose after surgery. In interventional surgery, doctors should try to avoid the station of high dose rate. However, it is necessary to strengthen the radiation protection of the operator and the first assistant. Under the dual protections of bedside lead protective equipment and personal protective equipment, the exposure dose of intervention personnel can be significantly reduced. 摘要： 目的 基于仿真人体模型实验及蒙卡模拟, 对于一种介入程序中患者入射及出射体表剂量、职业人员辐射剂 量、DSA 辐射场空间分布进行研宄, 旨在为患者皮肤损伤推断以及介入工作人员放射防护提供依据。 方法 模拟实验 中将岛津 PBU-60 人体模型作为患者, 利用热释光剂量计对患者胸腹部入射及出射体表剂量进行测量实验；利用 X/y 剂量率仪 (型号为: AT1121) 对 DSA 辐射场空间分布进行测量, 并利用蒙特卡洛软件 MCNP 对其进行验证性的计 算机模拟；同时对术中工作人员在不同站位、不同防护条件下的辐射剂量学进行实验研宄。 结果 通过实验测量, 表 明在某一腹部介入程序 PA 照射情况下, 每 5 min 介入透视操作将会给患者带来的最大皮肤剂量为 18.62 mGy; 通过 蒙卡模拟及实验测量, 表明 DSA 辐射场空间分布呈现出类似蝴蝶状分布, 剂量分布与距离、角度相关;铅防护用品防 护效果实验结果表明剂量率与铅当量呈指数衰减规律。 结论 开展介入手术中患者皮肤剂量测量, 对高剂量患者进 行术后随访十分必要。在介入手术中, 若条件允许, 医生应尽量避开剂量率偏高的站位;如手术需要, 必须加强术者位 和助手位的辐射防护。在床边铅防护用品和个人防护用品的双重保护下, 可显著降低介入人员的受照剂量。
{"title":"Radiation dosimetric study of patients and professionals in an intervention procedure based on PBU-60 anthropomorphic phantom","authors":"He Lijuan, Z. Ling, He Tinggui, Yin Chunxu, Hu Xi, Liang Baohui","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Based on the anthropomorphic phantom experiment and Monte Carlo simulation, the patients’\u0000 skin dose, professionals’ dose, and spatial distribution of DSA (Digital Subtraction\u0000 Angiography) radiation field in an intervention procedure, was performed, in order\u0000 to provide the basis for the inference of patients’ skin injury and professionals’\u0000 radiation protection in intervention procedure.\u0000 Methods In the simulation experiment, a PBU-60 anthropomorphic phantom was used as the patient\u0000 and the skin dose of patient’s abdomen was measured by TLD (Thermoluminescence Dosimeters).\u0000 X-ray and gamma radiation dosimeter (AT1121) was applied to measure the spatial distribution\u0000 of DSA radiation field, which was verified using Monte Carlo software MCNP meanwhile.\u0000 Furthermore, the radiation dosimetry of operative staffs at different stations and\u0000 under different protection conditions was studied experimentally.\u0000 Results The experimental measurements showed that the maximum skin dose of patients every\u0000 5-minute fluoroscopy was 18.62 mGy under the irradiation of PA in an abdominal interventional\u0000 procedure. The results of Monte Carlo simulation and measurement experiments showed\u0000 that the spatial distribution of DSA radiation fieldis similar to the butterfly distribution,\u0000 which is related to distance and angle. The experimental results showed that the dose\u0000 rate decreases exponentially with the increase of lead equivalent.\u0000 Conclusion It is very significant to carry out skin dose measurementof patients during interventional\u0000 surgery and follow-up patients with high dose after surgery. In interventional surgery,\u0000 doctors should try to avoid the station of high dose rate. However, it is necessary\u0000 to strengthen the radiation protection of the operator and the first assistant. Under\u0000 the dual protections of bedside lead protective equipment and personal protective\u0000 equipment, the exposure dose of intervention personnel can be significantly reduced.\u0000 摘要： 目的 基于仿真人体模型实验及蒙卡模拟, 对于一种介入程序中患者入射及出射体表剂量、职业人员辐射剂 量、DSA 辐射场空间分布进行研宄, 旨在为患者皮肤损伤推断以及介入工作人员放射防护提供依据。\u0000 方法 模拟实验 中将岛津 PBU-60 人体模型作为患者, 利用热释光剂量计对患者胸腹部入射及出射体表剂量进行测量实验；利用 X/y 剂量率仪 (型号为: AT1121)\u0000 对 DSA 辐射场空间分布进行测量, 并利用蒙特卡洛软件 MCNP 对其进行验证性的计 算机模拟；同时对术中工作人员在不同站位、不同防护条件下的辐射剂量学进行实验研宄。\u0000 结果 通过实验测量, 表 明在某一腹部介入程序 PA 照射情况下, 每 5 min 介入透视操作将会给患者带来的最大皮肤剂量为 18.62 mGy; 通过 蒙卡模拟及实验测量,\u0000 表明 DSA 辐射场空间分布呈现出类似蝴蝶状分布, 剂量分布与距离、角度相关;铅防护用品防 护效果实验结果表明剂量率与铅当量呈指数衰减规律。\u0000 结论 开展介入手术中患者皮肤剂量测量, 对高剂量患者进 行术后随访十分必要。在介入手术中, 若条件允许, 医生应尽量避开剂量率偏高的站位;如手术需要, 必须加强术者位\u0000 和助手位的辐射防护。在床边铅防护用品和个人防护用品的双重保护下, 可显著降低介入人员的受照剂量。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43320551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.026
Wang Xinmiao, W. Junping, Ran Xinze
Bleeding caused by ionizing radiation involves many factors, the mechanism is complicated and the management is difficult. Bleeding is recognized as one of the main causes of death after ionizing radiation. In this paper, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome (IRBS) from the aspects of platelet abnormality, coagulation disorder and vascular damage. Besides, we expound the clinical characteristics of IRBS in terms of the degree, time and site of the bleeding. Combined with experimental results, we put forward ideas and possible approaches for the treatment of IRBS, and the key factor is to promote the recovery of megakaryocytes and rapid platelet production after radiation exposure. 摘要：电离辐射引起的出血, 涉及原因多, 机制较复杂, 救治困难; 出血更是电离辐射后患者死亡的主要原因之一。本 文从血小板异常、凝血障碍、血管受损等方面, 综述了电离辐射出血综合征的病理生理机制;从出血程度、出血时间、出 血部位等方面, 阐述了电离辐射出血综合征的临床特点;结合实验研宄结果, 提出了治疗电离辐射出血综合征的思路 与可能途径, 关键因素是尽快促进巨核细胞的恢复和快速产生血小板。
Bleeding caused by ionizing radiation involves many factors, the mechanism is replicated and the management is complex Bleeding is recognized as one of the main causes of death after ionizing radiation In this paper, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms of ionizing radiation blending syndrome (IRBS) from the aspects of plateau abnormality, coaggulation disorder and volatile image Besides, we explore the clinical characteristics of IRBS in terms of the degree, time, and site of the blending Combined with experimental results, we put forward ideas and possible approaches for the treatment of IRBS, and the key factor is to promote the recovery of megakaryocytes and rapid platelet production after radiation exposure Abstract: Bleeding caused by ionizing radiation involves multiple causes, complex mechanisms, and difficult treatment; Bleeding is one of the main causes of death in patients after ionizing radiation. This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanisms of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome from the perspectives of platelet abnormalities, coagulation disorders, and vascular damage; The clinical characteristics of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome were elaborated from the aspects of bleeding degree, bleeding time, and bleeding site; Based on the results of experimental research, ideas and possible pathways for the treatment of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome have been proposed. The key factors are to promote the recovery of megakaryocytes and the rapid production of platelets as soon as possible.
{"title":"Current research status of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome","authors":"Wang Xinmiao, W. Junping, Ran Xinze","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.026","url":null,"abstract":"Bleeding caused by ionizing radiation involves many factors, the mechanism is complicated\u0000 and the management is difficult. Bleeding is recognized as one of the main causes\u0000 of death after ionizing radiation. In this paper, we summarize the pathophysiological\u0000 mechanisms of ionizing radiation bleeding syndrome (IRBS) from the aspects of platelet\u0000 abnormality, coagulation disorder and vascular damage. Besides, we expound the clinical\u0000 characteristics of IRBS in terms of the degree, time and site of the bleeding. Combined\u0000 with experimental results, we put forward ideas and possible approaches for the treatment\u0000 of IRBS, and the key factor is to promote the recovery of megakaryocytes and rapid\u0000 platelet production after radiation exposure.\u0000 摘要：电离辐射引起的出血, 涉及原因多, 机制较复杂, 救治困难; 出血更是电离辐射后患者死亡的主要原因之一。本 文从血小板异常、凝血障碍、血管受损等方面, 综述了电离辐射出血综合征的病理生理机制;从出血程度、出血时间、出\u0000 血部位等方面, 阐述了电离辐射出血综合征的临床特点;结合实验研宄结果, 提出了治疗电离辐射出血综合征的思路 与可能途径, 关键因素是尽快促进巨核细胞的恢复和快速产生血小板。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42091911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.019
Ma Guoxue, Song Zhiyan, Zhao Guangcui, Zeng Liping, G. Peng, Huang Wei
Transport monitoring is an important link in the transport process of radioactive materials, involving the whole process, that is, before departure, during transportation and after arrival. To do well in transport monitoring, radiation monitoring organizations need to actively participate in the work, and also need to do a good job in the supervision of radioactive materials transport monitoring. Beijing is one of the radioactive materials distribution centers in China, the monitoring workload is large, the number of monitoring reports is large, the number of packages by air transportation is relatively large, and the transportation and monitoring for medical use is dominant. Through the introduction of radioactive materials transportation monitoring work, and analysis of 2006—2020 radioactive materials transportation monitoring situation, this paper discusses the problems that need to be paid attention to in the monitoring work and the ways to deal with them, so as to provide ideas for radiation monitoring organizations to carry out monitoring work and manage the transport of radioactive materials well. 摘要：运输监测是放射性物品运输过程中重要环节, 涉及起运前、运输中及抵达后全过程, 要做好运输监测工作, 需要 辐射监测机构积极参与, 还需要做好放射性物品运输监测工作的监督。北京市是国内放射性物品集散地之一, 监测工 作量大, 出具监测报告数量多, 采用航空运输方式的货包数量占比较大, 医用用途运输监测为主导。本文通过介绍放 射性物品运输监测工作开展, 并分析2006—2020年放射性物品运输监测情况, 探讨监测工作中需关注问题及处理方 式, 为辐射监测工作机构开展监测工作及做好放射性物品运输管理提供思路。
{"title":"Analysis and evaluation of radioactive material transport monitoring in Beijing from 2006 to 2020","authors":"Ma Guoxue, Song Zhiyan, Zhao Guangcui, Zeng Liping, G. Peng, Huang Wei","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"Transport monitoring is an important link in the transport process of radioactive\u0000 materials, involving the whole process, that is, before departure, during transportation\u0000 and after arrival. To do well in transport monitoring, radiation monitoring organizations\u0000 need to actively participate in the work, and also need to do a good job in the supervision\u0000 of radioactive materials transport monitoring. Beijing is one of the radioactive materials\u0000 distribution centers in China, the monitoring workload is large, the number of monitoring\u0000 reports is large, the number of packages by air transportation is relatively large,\u0000 and the transportation and monitoring for medical use is dominant. Through the introduction\u0000 of radioactive materials transportation monitoring work, and analysis of 2006—2020\u0000 radioactive materials transportation monitoring situation, this paper discusses the\u0000 problems that need to be paid attention to in the monitoring work and the ways to\u0000 deal with them, so as to provide ideas for radiation monitoring organizations to carry\u0000 out monitoring work and manage the transport of radioactive materials well.\u0000 摘要：运输监测是放射性物品运输过程中重要环节, 涉及起运前、运输中及抵达后全过程, 要做好运输监测工作, 需要 辐射监测机构积极参与, 还需要做好放射性物品运输监测工作的监督。北京市是国内放射性物品集散地之一,\u0000 监测工 作量大, 出具监测报告数量多, 采用航空运输方式的货包数量占比较大, 医用用途运输监测为主导。本文通过介绍放 射性物品运输监测工作开展, 并分析2006—2020年放射性物品运输监测情况,\u0000 探讨监测工作中需关注问题及处理方 式, 为辐射监测工作机构开展监测工作及做好放射性物品运输管理提供思路。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48955783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.003
Shan Tiemei, Fu Lili, Wang Lidong, Li Yeming, Duan Xiaoxiao, Tian Xinxin, NA Xiangjie
Objective To analyze peripheral blood hemogram, lymphocyte micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations of radiologists, so as to provide basis for occupational protection and health monitoring of radiologists. Methods Lymphocyte micronucleus, chromosome and blood hemogram analysis were performed on 127 radiologists who received health examinations in 2015, 2017 and 2019, and they were assigned to the radiation group. In addition, 133 medical staff with no history of radiation exposure were selected as the control group. Results The micronucleus rate and chromosome aberration rate of the radiation group were higher than those of the control group, and the white blood cell and platelet counts were lower than those of the control group, both of which were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The total number of white blood cells in peripheral blood of 127 radiologists decreased gradually with the increase of exposure time to ionizing radiation, and the chromosome aberration rate increased gradually, all of which had statistical significance ( P < 0.05). The rate of chromosomal aberration was higher in radiologists with damage work age of more than 20 years than in the low-work age group, and there was no statistical significance between different damage work age ( P > 0.05). The chromosome aberration rate of nuclear medicine and interventional therapy was higher than that of other types, with statistical significance ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation can reduce the total number of white blood cells and increase the chromosome aberration rate of radiologists. It is necessary to strengthen the protective measures for radiologists to reduce the degree of ionizing radiation damage, especially to strengthen the occupational protection for radiologists in nuclear medicine and interventional therapy. 摘要： 目的 分析放射工作者外周血象、淋巴细胞微核及染色体畸变情况, 为放射工作者职业防护和健康监测提供依 据。 方法 对 2015 年、2017 年和 2019 年连续 3 次接受健康检查的 127 名放射工作者进行淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血 象分析, 将其设为放射组。另外选取 133 名无射线接触史的医务人员设为对照组; 结果 放射组中淋巴细胞微核率和 染色体畸变率高于对照组, 白细胞和血小板计数低于对照组, 均具有统计学意义 ( P < 0.05)。127 名放射工作者外周血 白细胞总数随着接触电离辐射时间的增长逐渐降低, 染色体畸变率逐渐增加, 均具有统计学意义 ( P < 0.05)。损害工龄 大于 20 年的放射工作者染色体畸变率高于低工龄组, 不同损害工龄之间比较无统计学意义 ( P > 0.05)。核医学与介入 治疗工种染色体畸变率高于其他工种, 具有统计学意义 ( P < 0.05)。 结论 长时间接触低剂量电离辐射可使放射工作 者白细胞总数降低和淋巴细胞染色体畸变率增加, 应加强放射工作者防护措施以备降低电离辐射损伤程度, 特别要加 强核医学和介入治疗放射工作人员的职业防护。
{"title":"Effect of ionizing radiation on the occupational health of radiologists","authors":"Shan Tiemei, Fu Lili, Wang Lidong, Li Yeming, Duan Xiaoxiao, Tian Xinxin, NA Xiangjie","doi":"10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13491/J.ISSN.1004-714X.2021.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze peripheral blood hemogram, lymphocyte micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations\u0000 of radiologists, so as to provide basis for occupational protection and health monitoring\u0000 of radiologists.\u0000 Methods Lymphocyte micronucleus, chromosome and blood hemogram analysis were performed on\u0000 127 radiologists who received health examinations in 2015, 2017 and 2019, and they\u0000 were assigned to the radiation group. In addition, 133 medical staff with no history\u0000 of radiation exposure were selected as the control group.\u0000 Results The micronucleus rate and chromosome aberration rate of the radiation group were\u0000 higher than those of the control group, and the white blood cell and platelet counts\u0000 were lower than those of the control group, both of which were statistically significant\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). The total number of white blood cells in peripheral blood of 127 radiologists\u0000 decreased gradually with the increase of exposure time to ionizing radiation, and\u0000 the chromosome aberration rate increased gradually, all of which had statistical significance\u0000 (\u0000 P < 0.05). The rate of chromosomal aberration was higher in radiologists with damage\u0000 work age of more than 20 years than in the low-work age group, and there was no statistical\u0000 significance between different damage work age (\u0000 P > 0.05). The chromosome aberration rate of nuclear medicine and interventional therapy\u0000 was higher than that of other types, with statistical significance (\u0000 P < 0.05).\u0000 Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation can reduce the total number of\u0000 white blood cells and increase the chromosome aberration rate of radiologists. It\u0000 is necessary to strengthen the protective measures for radiologists to reduce the\u0000 degree of ionizing radiation damage, especially to strengthen the occupational protection\u0000 for radiologists in nuclear medicine and interventional therapy.\u0000 摘要： 目的 分析放射工作者外周血象、淋巴细胞微核及染色体畸变情况, 为放射工作者职业防护和健康监测提供依 据。\u0000 方法 对 2015 年、2017 年和 2019 年连续 3 次接受健康检查的 127 名放射工作者进行淋巴细胞微核、染色体及血 象分析, 将其设为放射组。另外选取 133\u0000 名无射线接触史的医务人员设为对照组; 结果 放射组中淋巴细胞微核率和 染色体畸变率高于对照组, 白细胞和血小板计数低于对照组, 均具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。127 名放射工作者外周血 白细胞总数随着接触电离辐射时间的增长逐渐降低, 染色体畸变率逐渐增加, 均具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。损害工龄 大于 20 年的放射工作者染色体畸变率高于低工龄组, 不同损害工龄之间比较无统计学意义 (\u0000 P > 0.05)。核医学与介入 治疗工种染色体畸变率高于其他工种, 具有统计学意义 (\u0000 P < 0.05)。\u0000 结论 长时间接触低剂量电离辐射可使放射工作 者白细胞总数降低和淋巴细胞染色体畸变率增加, 应加强放射工作者防护措施以备降低电离辐射损伤程度, 特别要加 强核医学和介入治疗放射工作人员的职业防护。","PeriodicalId":58844,"journal":{"name":"中国辐射卫生","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48385550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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