Pinturas antiincrustantes derivadas de plantas terrestres una solución segura para el ambiente en el control de la bioincrustación

Invertebrates (e.g, barnacles, mussels) are usually the main responsibles for the industrial and naval high economic costs of biofouling, aggravated by colonization of invasive species such (e.g., golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei). Many strategies have been used as attempts to control biofouling. However, these are not efficient or cause high mortality of aquatic organisms, including the antifouling coatings. Currently, with the aim of preserving human and environmental health, new studies have focused on the discovery of new natural agents to replace the toxic synthetic molecules in paints. The study of bioactive natural products from terrestrial plants has been a promising option in the clinical field and they can have the same potential in the aquatic field. In this way, the main question of this study is: How to select the most promising extracts and compounds? This review evaluated the documents published on this topic, with the aim of highlighting the information necessary to focus antifouling investigations derived from terrestrial plants. A total of 29 papers were examined in this review from 1990 to 2020. Natural products derived from terrestrial plants have great potential as sustainable antifouling, inhibiting colonization of micro and macrofouling. Alkaloid and flavonoid compounds from the Zingiberaceae, Myrtaceae and Fagaceae families have already shown promising results against mussels.