夜间活动能延长壁虎的寿命吗?

IF 1.3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution Pub Date : 2020-03-03 DOI:10.1163/22244662-20191074
Gavin Stark, Rachel Schwarz, Shai Meiri
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引用次数: 4

摘要

大多数蜥蜴的祖先都是昼行性的。大多数物种都在夜间活动的主要分类群是壁虎目(壁虎和拟足目)。作为恒温调节动物,蜥蜴的代谢率高度依赖于温度,因此昼行性蜥蜴的代谢率比夜行性蜥蜴高。此外,暴露于太阳辐射被认为通过增加代谢成本和通过紫外线辐射(特别是UVC)积累有害突变的速率来减少恒温寿命。在夜间活动时,变温物种可以降低它们的内在死亡率,从而活得更长。为了验证这一假设,我们收集了740种蜥蜴的最长寿命的文献数据,其中185种是壁虎。我们研究了壁虎是否比其他蜥蜴活得更长,以及活动时间是否会影响壁虎的寿命。虽然壁虎的寿命相对于其体型的蜥蜴来说较长,但它们的活动时间与寿命无关,这与我们的预测相矛盾。我们认为,昼行动物可能通过更厚、角质化程度更高的皮肤进化出了更高的抗紫外线辐射能力。代谢率的提高并不自动等同于衰老的加快。外在原因(如捕食)导致的死亡可能比内在原因造成的选择压力更大。
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Does nocturnal activity prolong gecko longevity?
The majority of lizard clades are ancestrally and predominantly diurnal. The only major taxon in which most species are nocturnal is the Gekkota (geckos and pygopodids). As ectothermic thermoregulators, lizard metabolic rates are highly temperature dependent, and diurnal lizards therefore demonstrate higher metabolic rates than nocturnal ones. Furthermore, exposure to solar radiation is thought to reduce ectothermic longevity by increasing both metabolic costs and the rate of accumulating harmful mutations through UV radiation (UVC specifically). In being nocturnal, ectothermic species may reduce their intrinsic mortality rates and thus live longer. To test this hypothesis, we collected literature data on the maximum longevities of 740 lizard species, of which 185 are geckos. We examined whether geckos live longer than other lizards, and whether activity time affects gecko longevity. While geckos live relatively long for lizards of their size, their activity time was found to be unrelated to longevity, contradicting our predictions. We suggest that diurnal species may have evolved higher resistance to UV radiation via thicker, more keratinized skin. Elevated metabolic rates do not automatically equate with faster aging. Mortality through extrinsic causes (e.g., predation) may impose much stronger selective pressures than intrinsic causes.
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来源期刊
Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution
Israel Journal of Ecology & Evolution 环境科学-进化生物学
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
7
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: The Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution includes high-quality original research and review papers that advance our knowledge and understanding of the function, diversity, abundance, distribution, and evolution of organisms. We give equal consideration to all submissions regardless of geography.
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