Protection Challenges on Integration of Distributed Sources to Power system network: A Review

— Electricity generation has to be increased to meet various type of future load demand like LED lightning, Electrical Vehicles, mobiles, communication network, non linear load etc. Automation is essential requirement now a days in each sector. To provide automation at residential, commercial and industrial sectors electrical energy is required. To meet energy requirement of various sector utility grid is integrated with DG Sources, which mainly include renewable energy sources like solar, wind and other environment friendly sources either in large scale or small scale depends on the location and availability. This type of technology leads power system to era of smart grid. Smart grid technology provides features like digitization, two way communication, distributed generation, adaptive islanding, self monitoring and self mitigating, fully controllable compare to conventional Grid. Though smart grid technology is advantageous but due to integration of distributed generation at transmission and distribution system will increase protection challenges in the power network. This paper gives an insight of different protection issues which occur at transmission, distribution and Micro grid network. The paper also focuses on the techniques and solution of the various protection challenges.