{"title":"评估物候,生长特征和浆果成分在炎热的澳大利亚气候,以确定适应气候变化的葡萄酒品种","authors":"P.R. Clingeleffer, H.P. Davis","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12544","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\n \n <p>The phenology, growth traits and fruit composition of cultivars in the CSIRO germplasm collection, located in a hot Australian region, were assessed to identify those adapted to climate change.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\n \n <p>The study involved 465 cultivars assessed over four seasons. Differences in key traits included a 5-week range in budburst; a 4-month harvest window; a twofold difference in the growth period from budburst to harvest; a fivefold difference in fruitfulness and in leaf area index; a 15-fold difference in berry mass; and a five- to 15-fold difference in berry mineral ion concentration and large differences in fruit composition. The latter included pH (range 3.48–4.95), titratable acidity (1.60–9.07 g/L), tartaric acid (2.20–7.95 g/L), malic acid (0.80–7.74 g/L), yeast assimilable nitrogen (70–505 mg/L) and, in red wine cultivars, total anthocyanins (0.04–5.79 mg/g) and phenolic compounds (0.55–3.60 a.u.).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Cultivars grown under hot conditions with late budburst to minimise frost risks; short growth periods and small canopies to improve water use efficiency; and early and late ripening to extend the season have been identified. Early ripening cultivars had better fruit composition than late ripening cultivars.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Significance</h3>\n \n <p>Opportunities to broaden genetic diversity will enhance the capability of the wine industry to meet challenges associated with climate change. Poor fruit composition, however, associated with high pH is a limiting factor under hot conditions.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"28 2","pages":"255-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajgw.12544","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Assessment of phenology, growth characteristics and berry composition in a hot Australian climate to identify wine cultivars adapted to climate change\",\"authors\":\"P.R. Clingeleffer, H.P. Davis\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/ajgw.12544\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\\n \\n <p>The phenology, growth traits and fruit composition of cultivars in the CSIRO germplasm collection, located in a hot Australian region, were assessed to identify those adapted to climate change.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>The study involved 465 cultivars assessed over four seasons. Differences in key traits included a 5-week range in budburst; a 4-month harvest window; a twofold difference in the growth period from budburst to harvest; a fivefold difference in fruitfulness and in leaf area index; a 15-fold difference in berry mass; and a five- to 15-fold difference in berry mineral ion concentration and large differences in fruit composition. The latter included pH (range 3.48–4.95), titratable acidity (1.60–9.07 g/L), tartaric acid (2.20–7.95 g/L), malic acid (0.80–7.74 g/L), yeast assimilable nitrogen (70–505 mg/L) and, in red wine cultivars, total anthocyanins (0.04–5.79 mg/g) and phenolic compounds (0.55–3.60 a.u.).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>Cultivars grown under hot conditions with late budburst to minimise frost risks; short growth periods and small canopies to improve water use efficiency; and early and late ripening to extend the season have been identified. Early ripening cultivars had better fruit composition than late ripening cultivars.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Significance</h3>\\n \\n <p>Opportunities to broaden genetic diversity will enhance the capability of the wine industry to meet challenges associated with climate change. Poor fruit composition, however, associated with high pH is a limiting factor under hot conditions.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8582,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research\",\"volume\":\"28 2\",\"pages\":\"255-275\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-02-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajgw.12544\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajgw.12544\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajgw.12544","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Assessment of phenology, growth characteristics and berry composition in a hot Australian climate to identify wine cultivars adapted to climate change
Background and Aims
The phenology, growth traits and fruit composition of cultivars in the CSIRO germplasm collection, located in a hot Australian region, were assessed to identify those adapted to climate change.
Methods and Results
The study involved 465 cultivars assessed over four seasons. Differences in key traits included a 5-week range in budburst; a 4-month harvest window; a twofold difference in the growth period from budburst to harvest; a fivefold difference in fruitfulness and in leaf area index; a 15-fold difference in berry mass; and a five- to 15-fold difference in berry mineral ion concentration and large differences in fruit composition. The latter included pH (range 3.48–4.95), titratable acidity (1.60–9.07 g/L), tartaric acid (2.20–7.95 g/L), malic acid (0.80–7.74 g/L), yeast assimilable nitrogen (70–505 mg/L) and, in red wine cultivars, total anthocyanins (0.04–5.79 mg/g) and phenolic compounds (0.55–3.60 a.u.).
Conclusions
Cultivars grown under hot conditions with late budburst to minimise frost risks; short growth periods and small canopies to improve water use efficiency; and early and late ripening to extend the season have been identified. Early ripening cultivars had better fruit composition than late ripening cultivars.
Significance
Opportunities to broaden genetic diversity will enhance the capability of the wine industry to meet challenges associated with climate change. Poor fruit composition, however, associated with high pH is a limiting factor under hot conditions.
期刊介绍:
The Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research provides a forum for the exchange of information about new and significant research in viticulture, oenology and related fields, and aims to promote these disciplines throughout the world. The Journal publishes results from original research in all areas of viticulture and oenology. This includes issues relating to wine, table and drying grape production; grapevine and rootstock biology, genetics, diseases and improvement; viticultural practices; juice and wine production technologies; vine and wine microbiology; quality effects of processing, packaging and inputs; wine chemistry; sensory science and consumer preferences; and environmental impacts of grape and wine production. Research related to other fermented or distilled beverages may also be considered. In addition to full-length research papers and review articles, short research or technical papers presenting new and highly topical information derived from a complete study (i.e. not preliminary data) may also be published. Special features and supplementary issues comprising the proceedings of workshops and conferences will appear periodically.