SAR reduction techniques for WBAN and mobile applications

Abstract In recent years there has been a substantial growth in the usage of wireless gadgets in various fields like mobile communication, health monitoring, warfare communications, etc. However, the performance of the antenna is evaluated by the parameters like gain, directivity and bandwidth, VSWR and is enhanced as a continuous process. But on the other side, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is a parameter that is likely to be watched out for the safety concern which should be as low as possible for any antenna to ensure the minimum risk to human health. Many researchers have contributed an enormous amount of work to the SAR reduction. From this perspective, this work proposes a brief survey on low SAR antennas. An optimal low SAR antenna needs a perfect lossless impedance matching over a lossy medium (human body) for the eradication of spurious surface waves. The deployment of SAR reduction strategies, outcomes of the design, and open-end research challenges with the relative results are addressed as a part of the survey. The core impulse of this work is to induct the antenna designers to get indulged in designing low SAR antenna with enhanced performance for several WBAN applications like health monitoring and many more.