地衣介导的环境生物恶化机制

IF 3.5 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Air Soil and Water Research Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1177/11786221221131004
M. Thakur, SP Pourush Shrikhandia, Vinod Kumar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

地衣作为土壤形成的介质,在自然环境的物理和生物形成中起着至关重要的作用。最近的一项研究表明,尽管在地质环境中被排除在外,但它们能够在很短的时间内生物降解石头基质。许多物种,主要是那些能够在菌体-基质界面产生草酸盐的物种,可以改变表面,对其产生化学影响。即使在地衣褪色后,草酸盐仍然显著增加,它对菌体本身的结构和组成作出了主要贡献。历史遗址上这些严重的草酸沉积被认为是空气污染、先前的机械/化学修复处理以及环境恶化的结果。地衣在建筑材料上的生长和生物降解往往取决于环境变量。地衣对基质的生物地球物理和生物地球化学风化作用是生物降解的机制。对于石头表面,地衣可以作为抵抗风化的屏障,保持湿度,提高渗透性,减少热应力和侵蚀,吸收污染物,从而发挥生物保护作用。地衣作为一种生物降解剂的意义,它的定植和对纪念碑的影响,以及生物保护,都在当前的综述中进行了讨论。
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A Lichens-Mediated Mechanism for Environmental Biodeterioration
As mediators in soil formation, lichens play an essential role in the physical and biological formation of the natural environment. A recent study showed that they are capable of biodegrading stone substrates in a little amount of time, despite being excluded in a geological setting. Many species, mainly those able to produce an oxalate at the thallus-substratum interface, can alter the surface, affecting it chemically. The oxalate remains a noticeable increase even after the lichen has faded, and it makes a major contribution to the structure and composition of the thallus itself. These severe oxalate deposits on historical sites have been alternatively attributed to the earlier as the consequence of air pollutants, prior mechanical/chemical renovation treatments, as well as environmental deterioration. Lichen growth on building materials and biodegradation are frequently based on environmental variables. The biogeophysical and biogeochemical weathering of the substrate by the lichens is the mechanism underlying biodegradation. For stone surfaces, lichens can endeavor bio protection by acting as a barrier against weathering, holding humidity, improving permeability, reducing heat stress and erosion, and absorbing contaminants. Lichen’s significance as a biodeteriorant, its colonization and impact on monuments, as well as bioprotection, are all discussed in the current review.
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来源期刊
Air Soil and Water Research
Air Soil and Water Research ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
5.30%
发文量
27
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Air, Soil & Water Research is an open access, peer reviewed international journal covering all areas of research into soil, air and water. The journal looks at each aspect individually, as well as how they interact, with each other and different components of the environment. This includes properties (including physical, chemical, biochemical and biological), analysis, microbiology, chemicals and pollution, consequences for plants and crops, soil hydrology, changes and consequences of change, social issues, and more. The journal welcomes readerships from all fields, but hopes to be particularly profitable to analytical and water chemists and geologists as well as chemical, environmental, petrochemical, water treatment, geophysics and geological engineers. The journal has a multi-disciplinary approach and includes research, results, theory, models, analysis, applications and reviews. Work in lab or field is applicable. Of particular interest are manuscripts relating to environmental concerns. Other possible topics include, but are not limited to: Properties and analysis covering all areas of research into soil, air and water individually as well as how they interact with each other and different components of the environment Soil hydrology and microbiology Changes and consequences of environmental change, chemicals and pollution.
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