Meta-analysis in the production chain of aquaculture: A review

Meta-analysis is a statistical analysis of the data obtained from multiple studies and provides a quantitative synthesis of research results. It can be a key tool for facilitating rapid progress in aquaculture by quantifying what is known and identifying what is not yet known. However, due to the complexity of the environment and problems associated with the use of model in aquaculture, it remain few guidelines for the design, implementation or interpretation of meta-analysis in the field of aquaculture. Here, we first briefly reviewed the history of meta-analysis, then summarized the applications of meta-analysis in terms of major procedures, standards, and methods. Next, we critically reviewed the results of meta-analysis studies in the production chain of aquaculture and identified the potentials for improving yield in both quantity and quality. Overall, there is a large room for improving yield along the production chain. Large contributions can be found in breeding, feed, and farm management. For example, improving breeding can increase yield by 5.6% to 49%, depending on fish species and type of improvements. This study revealed large potentials for improving yield in the production chain of aquaculture and summarized the application of meta-analysis in aquaculture. Some recommendations of standardizing and improving meta-analysis in aquaculture were proposed.