希腊牛至(牛至亚种)的高通量育种前评估揭示了不同工业用途的多用途基因型

IF 3.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI:10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100516
Eirini Sarrou , Eftichia Martinidou , Luisa Palmieri , Ioanna Poulopoulou , Foteini Trikka , Domenico Masuero , Gauly Matthias , Ioannis Ganopoulos , Paschalina Chatzopoulou , Stefan Martens
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引用次数: 0

摘要

土豆泥亚种。牛至(俗称希腊牛至)是一种多年生植物,在食品和制药工业中有许多应用。希腊牛至种质资源的开发利用在于其独特的次生代谢物多样性,这些代谢物在植物的地上部分积累。对于该作物的工业开发来说,起始种质在确定具有理想和稳定的农艺和植物化学性状的化学型方面具有重要意义。为此,对在相同环境条件下采集和保存的21个品种进行了育种前评价,以建立一个描述性数据库,包括:a)形态特征,b)遗传结构,c)挥发性成分、多酚和三萜含量方面的广泛代谢指纹,以及d)高度分化的鹅蛔虫卵胚胎发育的“生物活性”。该研究揭示了富含精油的化学型的存在,这些化学型在形态计量学特征上优越,含有高的香芹酚含量(>75%)和微量百里香酚(<5%),按照要求的国际标准。除了被认为是“高产精油生产者”的基因型(>6%),还确定了富含多酚和三萜的“绿色”原材料的高生产率。根据迷迭香酸的含量,将希腊牛至分为三组;1)极高浓度(1640 ~ 2726 mg 100 g−1干重),2)中等含量(1103 ~ 1200 mg 100 g−1干重),3)极低含量(<873 mg 100 g−1干重)。利用序列相关扩增多态性(srap)和简单序列重复(SSRs)标记共鉴定出118个多态性等位基因,利用单个数据矩阵鉴定出2个带有srap和SSRs等位基因的遗传集群。在一些种质中还观察到私有带的存在,这可以为今后的育种计划提供种质鉴定的依据。因此,本研究提供了对希腊原产于牛至的代谢和遗传多样性的全面认识,并为后续育种研究选择起始遗传材料以创造优良品种提供了有力的工具。开发了多方面的方法,以便在进一步的育种计划中利用希腊牛至的遗传资源,以便随后选择具有所需性状的基因型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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High throughput pre-breeding evaluation of Greek oregano (Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum) reveals multi-purpose genotypes for different industrial uses

Origanum vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (commonly known as Greek oregano) is a perennial species of the Lamiaceae family that counts numerous applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry. The exploitation of Greek oregano germplasm lies in its unique diversity in secondary metabolites, which are accumulated in the aerial parts of the plant. For the industrial exploitation of this crop the starting germplasm is of high importance in terms of valorizing well characterized chemotypes with desired and stable agronomic and phytochemical traits. For this reason, a pre-breeding evaluation of twenty-one accessions collected and preserved under the same environmental conditions was performed in order to develop a descriptive database containing: a) morphometric traits, b) the genetic structure, c) the extensive metabolic fingerprint in terms of volatile composition, polyphenolic and triterpenoid content, and d) the ‘bio-activity’ on the embryonic development of Ascaridia galli eggs for highly divergent accessions. This study revealed the existence of essential oil rich chemotypes superior in morphometric characteristics, containing high carvacrol content (> 75%) and traces of thymol (< 5%), according to the requested international standards. Apart from genotypes considered as ‘high yield essential oil-producers’ (> 6%), accessions of highly productivity of ‘green’ raw materials rich in polyphenols and triterpenoids were also identified. According to their rosmarinic acid content, Greek oregano accessions were classified in three groups; 1) those with significantly high concentration (1640–2726 mg 100 g−1 dry weight), 2) those expressing intermediate content (1103–1200 mg 100 g−1 dry weight), and 3) the ones with significantly low content (< 873 mg 100 g−1 dry weight). A total of 118 polymorphic alleles were identified using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAPs) and simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers, while 2 genetic clusters based on a single data matrix with SRAPs and SSRs alleles, were identified. The presence of private bands in some accessions was also observed, which can be used in future breeding programs for germplasm authentication purposes. As a result this study provides a comprehensive knowledge on metabolic and genetic diversity of Greek oregano accessions native to Greece, as well as powerful tools for the selection of starting genetic materials for subsequent breeding studies to create superior cultivars. The multifaceted approach was developed to exploit the genetic resources of Greek oregano in further breeding programs for subsequent selection of genotypes with desired traits.

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来源期刊
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Drug Discovery
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
7.70%
发文量
80
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: JARMAP is a peer reviewed and multidisciplinary communication platform, covering all aspects of the raw material supply chain of medicinal and aromatic plants. JARMAP aims to improve production of tailor made commodities by addressing the various requirements of manufacturers of herbal medicines, herbal teas, seasoning herbs, food and feed supplements and cosmetics. JARMAP covers research on genetic resources, breeding, wild-collection, domestication, propagation, cultivation, phytopathology and plant protection, mechanization, conservation, processing, quality assurance, analytics and economics. JARMAP publishes reviews, original research articles and short communications related to research.
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