为深入了解国家研发预算分配和投资规划而进行的网络分析

IF 2.3 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Foresight Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI:10.1108/fs-10-2021-0201
C. Yang, Na-Hyun Cho
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Yang, Na-Hyun Cho","doi":"10.1108/fs-10-2021-0201","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\nPurpose\nThis paper aims to shed light on the linkage between research and development (R&D) networks and public funding presented in a given period by using network-based evaluation tools as a means of exploring the relational dimension in public projects designed to foster technology R&D activities.\n\n\nDesign/methodology/approach\nThis research uses co-occurrence network analysis of relevant public projects to assess how technological associations might occur within the R&D activities of given publicly funded projects as well as conducts correlation analysis to understand the extent to which linkages of R&D activity in technology fields are related to public expenditure.\n\n\nFindings\nCore technology fields, regarded as eligible to receive continued public funding, are critical for enhancing competitiveness and sustainable growth at the nationally strategic technology level. Thus, the relationship between R&D and the level of government funding for these fields is generally perceived as strong. However, a few technology fields, which did not actively form specific network relationships with other technology fields, are considered to exceptionally drive the largest government support. This trend indicates that the government-funded R&D should be designed and managed not only to curb the inefficiencies existing in the current funding programs but also to achieve the appropriateness for further technology development.\n\n\nResearch limitations/implications\nDespite the comprehensive findings, this study has several limitations. First, it is difficult to control any confounding factors, such as the determinants and constraints of the government budget allocation and expenditure decisions over S&T areas, strategic frameworks for public investment and evolving policy landscapes in technology sectors, which lead to bias in the study results. Second, this study is based on a narrow, single-year data set of a specific field of projects supported by the Korean government’s R&D program. Therefore, the generalization of findings may be limited. The authors assumed that influences caused by confounding variables during the initial phase of the public funding schemes would not be significant, but they did not take into account possible factors that might arise coincident with the subsequent phase changes. As such, the issue of confounding variables needs to be carefully considered in research design to provide alternative explanations for the results that have been ruled out. The limitations of this study, therefore, could be overcome by comparing the outcome difference between subsidized and non-subsidized R&D projects or evaluating targeted funding schemes or tax incentives that support and promote various areas of R&D with sufficiently large, evidence-based data sets. Also, future research must identify and analyze the R&D activities concerning public support programs performed in other countries associated with strategic priorities to provide more profound insight into how they differ. Third, there are some drawbacks to using these principal investigators-provided classification codes, such as subjectivity, inaccuracy and non-representation. These limitations may be addressed by using content-based representations of the projects rather than using pre-defined codes. Finally, the role that government investment in R&D has played in developing new science and manufacturing technologies of materials and components through network relationships could be better examined using longitudinal analysis. Furthermore, the findings suggest the need for further research to integrate econometric models of performance outcomes such as input–output relations into the network analysis for analyzing the flow of resources and activities between R&D sectors in a national economy. Therefore, future research would be helpful in developing a methodological strategy that could analyze temporal trends in the identification of the effects of public funding on the performance of R&D activity and demand.\n\n\nPractical implications\nPublic funding schemes and their intended R&D relationships still depend on a framework to generate the right circumstances for leading and promoting coordinated R&D activities while strengthening research capacity to enhance the competitiveness of technologies. Each technology field has a relatively important role in R&D development that should be effectively managed and supervised to accomplish its intended goals of R&D budgeting. Thus, when designing and managing R&D funding schemes and strategy-driven R&D relations, potential benefits and costs of using resources from each technology field should be defined and measured. In this regard, government-funded R&D activities should be designed to develop or accommodate a coordinated program evaluation, to be able to examine the extent to which public funding is achieving its objectives of fostering R&D networks, balancing the purpose of government funding against the needs of researchers and technology sectors. In this sense, the examination of public R&D relations provides a platform for discussion of relational network structures characterizing R&D activities, the strategic direction and priorities for budget allocation of the R&D projects. It also indicates the methodological basis for addressing the impact of public funding for R&D activities on the overall performance of technology fields.\n\n\nOriginality/value\nThe value of this work lies in a preliminary exploratory analysis that provides a high-level snapshot of the areas of metallurgy, polymers/chemistry/fibers and ceramics, funded by the Korean Government in 2016 to promote technological competitiveness by encouraging industries to maintain and expand their competencies.\n","PeriodicalId":51620,"journal":{"name":"Foresight","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A network analysis for providing insights into national R&D budget allocation and investment planning\",\"authors\":\"C. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文旨在通过使用基于网络的评估工具作为探索旨在促进技术研发活动的公共项目的关系维度的手段,揭示特定时期研究与开发(R&D)网络与公共资金之间的联系。本研究使用相关公共项目的共现网络分析来评估技术关联如何在给定公共资助项目的研发活动中发生,并进行相关分析以了解技术领域的研发活动与公共支出的联系程度。发现得分技术领域被认为有资格获得持续的公共资助,对提高国家战略技术层面的竞争力和可持续增长至关重要。因此,研发与政府对这些领域的资助水平之间的关系通常被认为是很强的。然而,少数没有积极与其他技术领域形成特定网络关系的技术领域被认为是例外地获得了最大的政府支持。这一趋势表明,政府资助研发的设计和管理不仅要遏制现有资助计划中存在的低效率,而且要实现进一步技术发展的适当性。研究局限性/启示尽管研究结果全面,但本研究仍有一些局限性。首先,难以控制政府在科技领域的预算分配和支出决策的决定因素和制约因素、公共投资的战略框架和技术部门不断变化的政策格局等混杂因素,导致研究结果存在偏差。其次,本研究基于韩国政府研发计划支持的特定领域项目的狭窄的单年数据集。因此,研究结果的推广可能是有限的。这组作者假设,在公共资助计划的初始阶段,混杂变量造成的影响不会很大,但是他们没有考虑到在随后的阶段变化中可能出现的因素。因此,在研究设计中需要仔细考虑混杂变量的问题,为已经排除的结果提供替代解释。因此,本研究的局限性可以通过比较补贴与非补贴研发项目之间的结果差异,或评估有针对性的资助计划或税收激励措施来克服,这些资助计划或税收激励措施支持和促进了具有足够大的基于证据的数据集的各个研发领域。此外,未来的研究必须识别和分析在其他国家开展的与战略重点相关的公共支持项目的研发活动,以提供更深刻的见解,了解它们之间的差异。第三,使用这些主要研究者提供的分类代码存在一些缺点,如主观性、不准确性和非代表性。这些限制可以通过使用基于内容的项目表示来解决,而不是使用预定义的代码。最后,通过纵向分析,可以更好地检验政府研发投入通过网络关系对材料和零部件科学与制造新技术的发展所起的作用。此外,研究结果表明,需要进一步研究将投入产出关系等绩效结果的计量经济模型整合到分析国民经济中研发部门之间资源和活动流动的网络分析中。因此,未来的研究将有助于制定一种方法学策略,分析公共资金对研发活动绩效和需求影响的时间趋势。公共资助计划及其预期的研发关系仍然依赖于一个框架来产生适当的环境,以领导和促进协调的研发活动,同时加强研究能力以提高技术竞争力。每个技术领域在研发发展中都有相对重要的作用,应该对其进行有效的管理和监督,以实现其研发预算的预期目标。因此,在设计和管理研发资助计划和战略驱动的研发关系时,应该定义和衡量使用每个技术领域资源的潜在收益和成本。 在这方面,政府资助的研发活动应该设计成发展或适应协调的项目评估,以便能够检查公共资助在多大程度上实现了培育研发网络的目标,平衡了政府资助的目的与研究人员和技术部门的需求。从这个意义上说,对公共研发关系的研究为研究表征研发活动的关系网络结构、研发项目的战略方向和预算分配的优先次序提供了一个平台。它还指出了解决公共资助研发活动对技术领域整体绩效影响的方法基础。独创性/价值这项工作的价值在于初步的探索性分析,提供了冶金、聚合物/化学/纤维和陶瓷领域的高水平快照,由韩国政府于2016年资助,旨在通过鼓励行业保持和扩大其能力来提高技术竞争力。
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A network analysis for providing insights into national R&D budget allocation and investment planning
Purpose This paper aims to shed light on the linkage between research and development (R&D) networks and public funding presented in a given period by using network-based evaluation tools as a means of exploring the relational dimension in public projects designed to foster technology R&D activities. Design/methodology/approach This research uses co-occurrence network analysis of relevant public projects to assess how technological associations might occur within the R&D activities of given publicly funded projects as well as conducts correlation analysis to understand the extent to which linkages of R&D activity in technology fields are related to public expenditure. Findings Core technology fields, regarded as eligible to receive continued public funding, are critical for enhancing competitiveness and sustainable growth at the nationally strategic technology level. Thus, the relationship between R&D and the level of government funding for these fields is generally perceived as strong. However, a few technology fields, which did not actively form specific network relationships with other technology fields, are considered to exceptionally drive the largest government support. This trend indicates that the government-funded R&D should be designed and managed not only to curb the inefficiencies existing in the current funding programs but also to achieve the appropriateness for further technology development. Research limitations/implications Despite the comprehensive findings, this study has several limitations. First, it is difficult to control any confounding factors, such as the determinants and constraints of the government budget allocation and expenditure decisions over S&T areas, strategic frameworks for public investment and evolving policy landscapes in technology sectors, which lead to bias in the study results. Second, this study is based on a narrow, single-year data set of a specific field of projects supported by the Korean government’s R&D program. Therefore, the generalization of findings may be limited. The authors assumed that influences caused by confounding variables during the initial phase of the public funding schemes would not be significant, but they did not take into account possible factors that might arise coincident with the subsequent phase changes. As such, the issue of confounding variables needs to be carefully considered in research design to provide alternative explanations for the results that have been ruled out. The limitations of this study, therefore, could be overcome by comparing the outcome difference between subsidized and non-subsidized R&D projects or evaluating targeted funding schemes or tax incentives that support and promote various areas of R&D with sufficiently large, evidence-based data sets. Also, future research must identify and analyze the R&D activities concerning public support programs performed in other countries associated with strategic priorities to provide more profound insight into how they differ. Third, there are some drawbacks to using these principal investigators-provided classification codes, such as subjectivity, inaccuracy and non-representation. These limitations may be addressed by using content-based representations of the projects rather than using pre-defined codes. Finally, the role that government investment in R&D has played in developing new science and manufacturing technologies of materials and components through network relationships could be better examined using longitudinal analysis. Furthermore, the findings suggest the need for further research to integrate econometric models of performance outcomes such as input–output relations into the network analysis for analyzing the flow of resources and activities between R&D sectors in a national economy. Therefore, future research would be helpful in developing a methodological strategy that could analyze temporal trends in the identification of the effects of public funding on the performance of R&D activity and demand. Practical implications Public funding schemes and their intended R&D relationships still depend on a framework to generate the right circumstances for leading and promoting coordinated R&D activities while strengthening research capacity to enhance the competitiveness of technologies. Each technology field has a relatively important role in R&D development that should be effectively managed and supervised to accomplish its intended goals of R&D budgeting. Thus, when designing and managing R&D funding schemes and strategy-driven R&D relations, potential benefits and costs of using resources from each technology field should be defined and measured. In this regard, government-funded R&D activities should be designed to develop or accommodate a coordinated program evaluation, to be able to examine the extent to which public funding is achieving its objectives of fostering R&D networks, balancing the purpose of government funding against the needs of researchers and technology sectors. In this sense, the examination of public R&D relations provides a platform for discussion of relational network structures characterizing R&D activities, the strategic direction and priorities for budget allocation of the R&D projects. It also indicates the methodological basis for addressing the impact of public funding for R&D activities on the overall performance of technology fields. Originality/value The value of this work lies in a preliminary exploratory analysis that provides a high-level snapshot of the areas of metallurgy, polymers/chemistry/fibers and ceramics, funded by the Korean Government in 2016 to promote technological competitiveness by encouraging industries to maintain and expand their competencies.
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来源期刊
Foresight
Foresight REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING-
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
45
期刊介绍: ■Social, political and economic science ■Sustainable development ■Horizon scanning ■Scientific and Technological Change and its implications for society and policy ■Management of Uncertainty, Complexity and Risk ■Foresight methodology, tools and techniques
期刊最新文献
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