Prolonged Exposure Therapy in the Treatment of Functional Neurological Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Functional neurological disorder (FND) symptoms resemble neurological symptoms but are unexplained by disease or injury to the body. Psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent among patients with FND. This is a case report of a 64-year-old female who began treatment 2 years after developing PTSD, generalised anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder and agoraphobia following a physical assault. She subsequently developed FND approximately 18 months later. Her FND symptomology was characterised by aphasia and paraplegia. These symptoms usually lasted for a period of hours to days and usually occurred on a weekly basis. She had not previously engaged in psychological therapy due to limited insight into the relationship between her psychological and physiological symptomology. She was treated with Prolonged Exposure for PTSD (PE), and by the last session, she no longer met the diagnostic criteria for either FND or PTSD disorder. PE successfully treated both PTSD and FND. Theoretical understandings of the mechanisms underpinning this improvement are discussed.