成功国家足球队的相对年龄效应

IF 0.2 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Kinesiologia Slovenica Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI:10.52165/kinsi.27.2.40-51
A. Işın
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本研究的目的有两个:;(1) 考察2009年至2019年期间代表本国参加国际足联U17和U20世界杯并登上领奖台的足球运动员的相对年龄效应,以及(2)根据球员的位置分析相对年龄效应。本研究为回顾性横断面设计。共有756名男性足球运动员参与了这项研究。足球运动员的出生日期被分为四分之一年中的三个月。所有数据均以频率和百分比表示。卡方用于确定组间分布的差异。计算比值比、置信区间(95%)和克雷默V。研究结果强调了成功参加最近六届U17和U20世界杯的国家队的相对年龄效应。U17的相对年龄效应高于U20(χ²=70.974;p分别<0.001,χ²=39.587;p<0.001)。研究结果显示,今年第一个四分位出生的球员登上领奖台的人数明显多于最后一个四分位数出生的球员。这项研究的结果证实了在最近六届U17和U20世界杯登上领奖台的足球运动员中存在相对年龄效应。建议教练和体育科学家重新考虑相对年龄效应,以减少这种偏见,并改进导致人才流失的制度。
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THE RELATIVE AGE EFFECT IN SUCCESSFUL NATIONAL FOOTBALL TEAMS
The aim of the present study was two-fold; (1) to examine the relative age effect of football players representing their countries and reaching the podium in the FIFA U17 and U20 World Cups between 2009 and 2019, and (2) to analyze the relative age effect according to players’ positions. This study was a retrospective cross-sectional design. A total of 756 male football players were included in the study. Dates of birth of football players were grouped into periods of three months in a quartile year. All data is presented in frequency and percentage. Chi-square was applied to determine differences in the intergroup distributions. The odds ratio, confidence interval (95%) and Cramer’s V were calculated. The findings emphasized the relative age effect in successful national teams participating last six U17 and U20 World Cup. The relative age effect of U17 was higher compared to U20 (χ² = 70.974; p < 0.001, χ² = 39.587; p < 0.001 respectively). As a result of the research, players born in the first quartile of the year have been represented on podium more than those born in the last quartile, significantly. The findings of this study confirm the presence of relative age effect among football players reaching the podium in the last six U17 and U20 World Cup. Coaches and sports scientists are suggested to take the relative age effect into reconsideration to reduce this bias and to improve the system leading to loss of talents as a consequence.
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Kinesiologia Slovenica
Kinesiologia Slovenica SPORT SCIENCES-
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