Desigualdades urbanas: costos y tiempos de viaje en el Área Metropolitana de Santiago

Urban sprawl has expanded the distances and travel times of people who live and work in cities. In the Metropolitan Area of Santiago de Chile, profound challenges are imposed on its less favored inhabitants since both their income and the territories where they reside reveal a diminished availability of mobility capital. This research seeks to calculate and understand the different costs of mobility, expressed in time and money to commute to work, as an expression of existing urban inequalities in the city. For this, the SocioEconomic Characterization Survey (CASEN) of the Ministry of Social Development of 2015 and 2017 are used, which incorporate questions about people’s mobility. From a quantitative approach, the monthly monetary costs of household mobility are defined by determining their percentage in the monetary household income, and a complementary analysis is carried out considering different socioeconomic variables. The results show deep inequalities linked to a greater weight of public transport cost in the income of the most vulnerable, a fact that is consistent with longer commuting times due to the distance between their residence and work centers, higher unemployment, and relatively less private motorization. entre semana y de fines de semana) más los viajes de dos días adicionales (los viajes extra). Por último, se divide este costo total sobre los ingresos monetarios del hogar, para obtener el porcentaje que representa en cada decil. La siguiente formulación, sintetiza el procesamiento descrito: