Comparative Analysis of Communicative Values in Phraseology on the Material of the English, German and Russian Languages

The article considers the semantics of English, German and Russian idioms representing communicative values, in particular: mutual understanding and conflict. The syntax and semantic properties of idioms are analyzed in the contexts of use, obtained from the British National Corpus, Corpus of Contemporary American English, Corpus of the Institute of the German Language in Mannheim, the National Russian Language Corpus, the correlation of the dictionary and actual meanings of fixed expressions, the specificity of communicative values in different cultures and ways of their conceptualization are revealed. The results of research show that communication has a certain structure, is aimed at obtaining and transmitting information, reaching consensus, building relationships, can lead to either understanding or misunderstanding and dispute. Communication has two or sometimes more sides, one and more participants of communication. Communication is also influenced by social, personal experience and values of a person. Understanding is a consent, reaching a consensus. Thus, all languages reflect such communicative values as: freedom of expression, building a dialogue, sense transmission in speech. The German language emphasizes the value of building communication, the desire to find a common language, an attempt to interact. In Russian - openness, truthfulness as important elements of communication.