俄罗斯教育移民背景下移民的语言文化适应

Elnara Dumnova, V. Mukha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

国际教育移民是现代世界不可分割的组成部分,它实现了教育移民的适应问题。语言文化适应是特别有趣的,因为它决定了适应的策略和移民进一步融入新社会的结果。本文的目的是研究国际学术移民主体在日常生活新空间背景下的语言和文化适应。该研究的实证基础是2021年3月至4月在定性方法框架内使用深度和半结构化访谈方法进行的区域间研究的结果。采访了20名举报人。案例研究方法成为定性方法的策略,克拉斯诺达尔地区和新西伯利亚地区作为当地案例。在克拉斯诺达尔地区,来自阿拉伯-穆斯林国家的人接受了采访,来自中国的学生在新西伯利亚地区接受了采访。通过对访谈的分析,我们确定了决定教育移民语言适应成功的因素,以及阿拉伯-穆斯林国家学生和中国学生在语言能力形成过程中的主要困难,从而确定了语言适应的过程。研究表明,关注外国学生的民族特征,关注他们组织学习过程的动机系统,融入东道国社区的文化,有助于更快、更成功地适应语言文化。在语言适应过程中,新的身份类型是由移民对本国文化的移情程度决定的。研究结果可为俄罗斯高校教育移民适应方案的制定提供参考。
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Linguocultural Adaptation of Migrants in the Context of Educational Migration to Russia
International educational migration is an integral element of the modern world, which actualizes the problem of adaptation of educational migrants. Linguocultural adaptation is especially interesting, because it determines the strategy of adaptation and the result of the further integration of the migrant in the new society. The purpose of the article is to study the linguistic and cultural adaptation of the subjects of international academic migration in the context of the new space of everyday life. The empirical basis of the research was the results of an interregional study within the framework of a qualitative approach using the methods of in-depth and semi-structured interviews, conducted in March-April 2021. 20 informants were interviewed. The case study method became the tactic of the qualitative approach, the Krasnodar Territory and the Novosibirsk Region acted as local cases. In the Krasnodar Territory, people from Arab-Muslim countries were interviewed, students from China were interviewed in the Novosibirsk Region. The analysis of the interviews allowed us to identify the factors that determine the success of linguocultural adaptation of educational migrants, as well as the main difficulties in the process of formation of language competence and, consequently, linguocultural adaptation of both students from Arab-Muslim countries and Chinese students. The research showed that attention to the ethno-national characteristics of foreign students, to their system of motivation in organizing the learning process, inclusion in the culture of the host community, contribute to faster and more successful linguocultural adaptation. It was concluded that new types of identity are determined in the process of linguocultural adaptation by the degree of empathy of the migrants’ native culture. The research results can be used in the formation of adaptation programs for educational migrants in Russian universities.
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