预防儿童和青少年精神疾病-我们明白了

IF 0.4 Q4 PEDIATRICS Adolescent Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-11-02 DOI:10.2174/2210676610666200316100146
M. McDonald, J. Shatkin, Zhuorong Li, Emine Kahraman Sevgi Güngör Meltem E. Durgun, Y. Özsoy, Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani Ashraf Shahvelayati Zohreh Maryam Ghazvini, Saeid Abad, V. Tsanov, Hristo Tsanov, M. Rai, Rehan Qamar, M. Riaz, Yanqi Shi, Peng Liu, Tianyu Xie, Cheng Zhong
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引用次数: 2

摘要

国际数据表明,世界上多达20%的儿童和青少年至少有一种心理健康障碍。在美国,近50%的青少年符合DSM精神障碍标准,超过25%的青少年患有“严重障碍”。心理健康和药物使用障碍仍然是造成全球疾病负担的两个最大因素。通常,心理健康专业人员没有接受预防方面的培训;然而,在过去的50年里,精神病学领域已经确定了许多预防和限制精神障碍严重程度的实践。在这篇综述中,我们首先讨论了世界各地儿童和青少年面临的巨大的认知、情感和行为痛苦。然后,我们描述了健康促进/疾病预防模式与典型的心理健康护理的不同之处。最后,我们描述了个人、社区和社会层面的一系列干预措施,这些干预措施可用于预防和减轻精神疾病的负担。鉴于我们对精神疾病的流行率、它对健康功能的干扰程度以及它造成的巨大全球负担有了更好的了解,现在是时候让精神病学家和心理学家参与健康促进和疾病预防了。精神病学领域应该开始专注于设计和实施与本文所述类似的心理健康促进和疾病预防计划,以对抗心理疾病的发作、发展和进展。
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Preventing Child and Adolescent Mental Illness - We Got This
International data indicates that up to 20% of the world’s children and adolescents have at least one mental health disorder. In the United States, nearly 50% of teenagers meet DSM criteria for a psychiatric disorder, and over 25% suffer from a “severe disorder.” Mental health and substance use disorders remain two of the greatest contributors to the global disease burden. Typically, mental health professionals are not trained for prevention; however, over the past 50 years, the field of psychiatry has identified many practices that prevent and limit the severity of psychiatric disorders. In this overview, we first address the great degree of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral suffering that children and adolescents face world-wide. We then describe how a health promotion/disease prevention model differs from typical mental health care. Finally, we describe a series of interventions at the individual, community, and societal levels that can be utilized to prevent and lessen the burden of mental illness. Given our enhanced understanding of the prevalence of mental illness, the degree to which it interferes with healthy functioning, and the enormous global burden it causes, now is the time to engage psychiatrists and psychologists in health promotion and disease prevention. The field of psychiatry should begin to focus on designing and implementing mental health promotion and disease prevention programs, akin to those described here, to combat the onset, development, and progression of mental illness.
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来源期刊
Adolescent Psychiatry
Adolescent Psychiatry PEDIATRICS-
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Adolescent Psychiatry a peer-reviewed journal, aims to provide mental health professionals who work with adolescents with current information relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Adolescent Psychiatry reports of original research, critical reviews of topics relevant to practitioners, clinical observations with analysis and discussion, analysis of philosophical, ethical or social aspects of the fields of psychiatry and mental health, case reports with discussions, letters, and position papers. Topics include adolescent development and developmental psychopathology, psychotherapy and other psychosocial treatment approaches, psychopharmacology, and service settings and programs. The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, or emerging adults, that is, persons 12-24 years of age . Articles on families of adolescents, or adults who have been followed since adolescence will also be considered.
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