An Open Framework for Data Taxonomies in Digital Twin Ships

The digital twin concept describes a comprehensive model used to monitor and simulate an existing asset in nearly real-time. In a maritime context, digital twins do not yet have a wide selection of standards to support interoperability among systems, undermining users’ ability to create a cohesive digital twin that combines multiple software suites. This study proposes an open framework for organizing ship and sensor data in digital twins. The framework is based on principles of product data management, allowing use of taxonomies suitable across stages of the lifecycle up to operation, when the digital twin is deployed. We implement the framework using a web-based approach that focuses on early design and operation phases, then apply it to a case study with a research vessel. The case study outlines browsing of ship model, examples of behaviour simulations, and future monitoring of sensor measurements. We discuss how the framework might be expanded and the challenges when applying it to existing engineering practice.