Vision 2020: A Review of 20 Years of Inclusion Studies in Music Education

Inclusion has been a prominent topic in music education since the passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1974 (now known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or IDEA 2004). In 2000, music educators at the Housewright Symposium presented a list of goals for music education for the year 2020 in a document called Vision 2020, and one of those goals stated that barriers would be removed for the inclusion of all students. The purpose of this literature review was to examine the past 20 years of music education research (1999–2019) to determine how well the inclusion goal of Vision 2020 has been met. Four themes emerged: Perceptions in Schools, Practices in Schools, University Coursework, and Unique Topics. A concluding section summarizes findings and presents implications for meeting the Vision 2020 inclusion goal as it pertains to students with disabilities.