驱动量子位上两级系统缺陷引起的动态相位

IF 4.2 Q2 QUANTUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY AVS quantum science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1116/5.0159488
Yanxiang Wang, Ziyang You, Hou Ian
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近的实验证据表明,位于氧化物和约瑟夫逊结界面上的两能级缺陷是超导量子位退相干的主要成分。由于半经典量子位场耦合使量子位-缺陷耦合的Jaynes–Cummings模型不可对角,因此这些缺陷如何在外部驱动的情况下影响量子位的演化尚不清楚。我们分析了驱动引起的连续相干态空间中的退相干动力学,并通过Fokker–Planck方程求解了具有额外衰变包层驱动项的主方程。作为高斯分布的扩散传播子的解显示出四个不同的动态阶段:通过分布平均值来限制变半径循环的四种类型的收敛路径,这是由竞争的外部驱动和缺陷衰变决定的。由这些解决方案产生的量子位轨迹是位移Fock态上的超Poissonian,它降低到由零驱动极限下的缺陷决定的有效温度的吉布斯状态。此外,庞加莱映射显示了收敛速度对初始状态的依赖性。换句话说,量子位演化可以通过驱动强度作为参数的变化来作为缺陷耦合强度的指标。
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Dynamic phases induced by two-level system defects on driven qubits
Recent experimental evidences point to two-level defects, located in the oxides and on the interfaces of the Josephson junctions, as the major constituents of decoherence in superconducting qubits. How these defects affect the qubit evolution with the presence of external driving is less well understood since the semiclassical qubit-field coupling renders the Jaynes–Cummings model for qubit-defect coupling undiagonalizable. We analyze the decoherence dynamics in the continuous coherent state space induced by the driving and solve the master equation endowed with an extra decay-cladded driving term via a Fokker–Planck equation. The solutions for diffusion propagators as Gaussian distributions show four distinct dynamic phases: four types of convergence paths to limit cycles of varying radius by the distribution mean, which are determined by the competing external driving and the defect decays. The qubit trajectory resulted from these solutions is a super-Poissonian over displaced Fock states, which reduces to a Gibbs state of effective temperature decided by the defect at zero driving limit. Furthermore, the Poincare map shows the dependence of the rate of convergence on the initial state. In other words, the qubit evolution can serve as an indicator of the defect coupling strength through the variation of the driving strength as a parameter.
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