Q. Deplano, P. Tamarat, B. Lounis, Jean-Baptiste Trebbia
Single molecules trapped in the solid state at liquid helium temperatures are promising quantum emitters for the development of quantum technologies owing to their remarkable photostability and their lifetime-limited optical coherence time of the order of 10 ns. The coherent preparation of their electronic state requires resonant excitation with a Rabi period much shorter than their optical coherence time. Sculpting the optical excitation with sharp edges and a high on–off intensity ratio (∼3 × 105) from a single-frequency laser beam, we demonstrate sub-nanosecond drive of a single dibenzanthanthrene molecule embedded in a naphthalene matrix at 3.2 K, over more than 17 Rabi periods. With pulses tailored for a half-Rabi period, the electronic excited state is prepared with fidelity as high as 0.97. Using single-molecule Ramsey spectroscopy, we prove up to 5 K that the optical coherence lifetime remains at its fundamental upper limit set by twice the excited-state lifetime, making single molecules suitable for quantum bit manipulations under standard cryogen-free cooling technologies.
{"title":"Sub-nanosecond coherent optical manipulation of a single aromatic molecule at cryogenic temperature","authors":"Q. Deplano, P. Tamarat, B. Lounis, Jean-Baptiste Trebbia","doi":"10.1116/5.0180689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0180689","url":null,"abstract":"Single molecules trapped in the solid state at liquid helium temperatures are promising quantum emitters for the development of quantum technologies owing to their remarkable photostability and their lifetime-limited optical coherence time of the order of 10 ns. The coherent preparation of their electronic state requires resonant excitation with a Rabi period much shorter than their optical coherence time. Sculpting the optical excitation with sharp edges and a high on–off intensity ratio (∼3 × 105) from a single-frequency laser beam, we demonstrate sub-nanosecond drive of a single dibenzanthanthrene molecule embedded in a naphthalene matrix at 3.2 K, over more than 17 Rabi periods. With pulses tailored for a half-Rabi period, the electronic excited state is prepared with fidelity as high as 0.97. Using single-molecule Ramsey spectroscopy, we prove up to 5 K that the optical coherence lifetime remains at its fundamental upper limit set by twice the excited-state lifetime, making single molecules suitable for quantum bit manipulations under standard cryogen-free cooling technologies.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138615855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Zahidy, D. Ribezzo, R. Muller, J. Riebesehl, A. Zavatta, M. Galili, L. Oxenløwe, Davide Bacco
Quantum key distribution is one of the first quantum technologies ready for the market. Current quantum telecommunication systems usually utilize a service channel for synchronizing the transmitter (Alice) and the receiver (Bob). However, the possibility of removing this service channel and exploiting a clock recovery method are intriguing for future implementation, both in fiber and free-space links. In this paper, we investigate criteria to recover the clock in a quantum communication scenario and experimentally demonstrated the possibility of using a quantum-based clock recovery system in a time-bin quantum key distribution protocol. The performance of the clock recovery technique, in terms of quantum bit error rate and secret key rate, is equivalent to using the service channel for clock sharing.
{"title":"Single-photon-based clock analysis and recovery in quantum key distribution","authors":"M. Zahidy, D. Ribezzo, R. Muller, J. Riebesehl, A. Zavatta, M. Galili, L. Oxenløwe, Davide Bacco","doi":"10.1116/5.0167549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0167549","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum key distribution is one of the first quantum technologies ready for the market. Current quantum telecommunication systems usually utilize a service channel for synchronizing the transmitter (Alice) and the receiver (Bob). However, the possibility of removing this service channel and exploiting a clock recovery method are intriguing for future implementation, both in fiber and free-space links. In this paper, we investigate criteria to recover the clock in a quantum communication scenario and experimentally demonstrated the possibility of using a quantum-based clock recovery system in a time-bin quantum key distribution protocol. The performance of the clock recovery technique, in terms of quantum bit error rate and secret key rate, is equivalent to using the service channel for clock sharing.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenchao Li, Shuo Li, Timothy C. Brown, Qiang Sun, Xuezhi Wang, Vladislav V. Yakovlev, Allison Kealy, Bill Moran, Andrew D. Greentree
Fluorescence microscopy is of vital importance for understanding biological function. However, most fluorescence experiments are only qualitative inasmuch as the absolute number of fluorescent particles can often not be determined. Additionally, conventional approaches to measuring fluorescence intensity cannot distinguish between two or more fluorophores that are excited and emit in the same spectral window, as only the total intensity in a spectral window can be obtained. Here we show that, by using photon number resolving experiments, we are able to determine the number of emitters and their probability of emission for a number of different species, all with the same measured spectral signature. We illustrate our ideas by showing the determination of the number of emitters per species and the probability of photon collection from that species, for one, two and three otherwise unresolvable fluorophores. The convolution binomial model is presented to represent the counted photons emitted by multiple species. Then, the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used to match the measured photon counts to the expected convolution binomial distribution function. In applying the EM algorithm, to leverage the problem of being trapped in a sub-optimal solution, the moment method is introduced to yield an initial guess for the EM algorithm. Additionally, the associated Cramér–Rao lower bound is derived and compared with the simulation results.
荧光显微镜对了解生物功能具有重要意义。然而，大多数荧光实验只是定性的，因为荧光粒子的绝对数量往往不能确定。此外，传统的测量荧光强度的方法不能区分两个或多个在同一光谱窗口中被激发和发射的荧光团，因为只能获得光谱窗口中的总强度。在这里，我们表明，通过使用光子数解析实验，我们能够确定许多不同物种的发射器数量及其发射概率，所有这些物种都具有相同的测量光谱特征。我们通过显示每个物种的发射器数量和从该物种收集光子的概率来说明我们的想法，对于一个，两个和三个其他无法分辨的荧光团。提出了一种卷积二项模型来表示多物种发射的光子计数。然后，利用期望最大化(EM)算法将测量到的光子数与期望卷积二项分布函数匹配。在应用EM算法时，为了解决陷入次优解的问题，引入矩量法对EM算法进行初始猜测。此外，还推导了相应的cram r - rao下界，并与仿真结果进行了比较。
{"title":"Estimation of the number of single-photon emitters for multiple fluorophores with the same spectral signature","authors":"Wenchao Li, Shuo Li, Timothy C. Brown, Qiang Sun, Xuezhi Wang, Vladislav V. Yakovlev, Allison Kealy, Bill Moran, Andrew D. Greentree","doi":"10.1116/5.0162501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0162501","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescence microscopy is of vital importance for understanding biological function. However, most fluorescence experiments are only qualitative inasmuch as the absolute number of fluorescent particles can often not be determined. Additionally, conventional approaches to measuring fluorescence intensity cannot distinguish between two or more fluorophores that are excited and emit in the same spectral window, as only the total intensity in a spectral window can be obtained. Here we show that, by using photon number resolving experiments, we are able to determine the number of emitters and their probability of emission for a number of different species, all with the same measured spectral signature. We illustrate our ideas by showing the determination of the number of emitters per species and the probability of photon collection from that species, for one, two and three otherwise unresolvable fluorophores. The convolution binomial model is presented to represent the counted photons emitted by multiple species. Then, the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is used to match the measured photon counts to the expected convolution binomial distribution function. In applying the EM algorithm, to leverage the problem of being trapped in a sub-optimal solution, the moment method is introduced to yield an initial guess for the EM algorithm. Additionally, the associated Cramér–Rao lower bound is derived and compared with the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"77 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Single-photon transitions are one of the key technologies for designing and operating very-long-baseline atom interferometers tailored for terrestrial gravitational-wave and dark-matter detection. Since such setups aim at the detection of relativistic and beyond-Standard-Model physics, the analysis of interferometric phases as well as of atomic diffraction must be performed to this precision and including these effects. In contrast, most treatments focused on idealized diffraction so far. Here, we study single-photon transitions, both magnetically induced and direct ones, in gravity and Standard-Model extensions modeling dark matter as well as Einstein-equivalence-principle violations. We take into account relativistic effects like the coupling of internal to center-of-mass degrees of freedom, induced by the mass defect, as well as the gravitational redshift of the diffracting light pulse. To this end, we also include chirping of the light pulse required by terrestrial setups, as well as its associated modified momentum transfer for single-photon transitions.
{"title":"Atomic diffraction from single-photon transitions in gravity and Standard-Model extensions","authors":"Alexander Bott, Fabio Di Pumpo, Enno Giese","doi":"10.1116/5.0174258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0174258","url":null,"abstract":"Single-photon transitions are one of the key technologies for designing and operating very-long-baseline atom interferometers tailored for terrestrial gravitational-wave and dark-matter detection. Since such setups aim at the detection of relativistic and beyond-Standard-Model physics, the analysis of interferometric phases as well as of atomic diffraction must be performed to this precision and including these effects. In contrast, most treatments focused on idealized diffraction so far. Here, we study single-photon transitions, both magnetically induced and direct ones, in gravity and Standard-Model extensions modeling dark matter as well as Einstein-equivalence-principle violations. We take into account relativistic effects like the coupling of internal to center-of-mass degrees of freedom, induced by the mass defect, as well as the gravitational redshift of the diffracting light pulse. To this end, we also include chirping of the light pulse required by terrestrial setups, as well as its associated modified momentum transfer for single-photon transitions.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"105 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134956720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annie Pichery, Matthias Meister, Baptist Piest, Jonas Böhm, Ernst Maria Rasel, Eric Charron, Naceur Gaaloul
We present a highly efficient method for the numerical solution of coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations describing the evolution dynamics of a multi-species mixture of Bose–Einstein condensates in time-dependent potentials. This method, based on a moving and expanding reference frame, compares favorably to a more standard but much more computationally expensive solution based on a frozen frame. It allows an accurate description of the long-time behavior of interacting, multi-species quantum mixtures including the challenging problem of long free expansions relevant to microgravity and space experiments. We demonstrate a successful comparison to experimental measurements of a binary Rb–K mixture recently performed with the payload of a sounding rocket experiment.
{"title":"Efficient numerical description of the dynamics of interacting multispecies quantum gases","authors":"Annie Pichery, Matthias Meister, Baptist Piest, Jonas Böhm, Ernst Maria Rasel, Eric Charron, Naceur Gaaloul","doi":"10.1116/5.0163850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0163850","url":null,"abstract":"We present a highly efficient method for the numerical solution of coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations describing the evolution dynamics of a multi-species mixture of Bose–Einstein condensates in time-dependent potentials. This method, based on a moving and expanding reference frame, compares favorably to a more standard but much more computationally expensive solution based on a frozen frame. It allows an accurate description of the long-time behavior of interacting, multi-species quantum mixtures including the challenging problem of long free expansions relevant to microgravity and space experiments. We demonstrate a successful comparison to experimental measurements of a binary Rb–K mixture recently performed with the payload of a sounding rocket experiment.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"43 42","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135433020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dylan Danese, Sabine Wollmann, Saroch Leedumrongwatthanakun, Will McCutcheon, Manuel Erhard, William N. Plick, Mehul Malik
We demonstrate the generation of unbalanced two-photon entanglement in the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) transverse-spatial degree-of-freedom, where one photon carries a fundamental (Gauss) mode and the other a higher-order LG mode with a non-zero azimuthal (ℓ) or radial (p) component. Taking a cue from the N00N state nomenclature, we call these types of states ℓ00ℓ-entangled. They are generated by shifting one photon in the LG mode space and combining it with a second (initially uncorrelated) photon at a beamsplitter, followed by coincidence detection. In order to verify two-photon coherence, we demonstrate a two-photon “twisted” quantum eraser, where Hong–Ou–Mandel interference is recovered between two distinguishable photons by projecting them into a rotated LG superposition basis. Using an entanglement witness, we find that our generated states have fidelities of 95.31% and 89.80% to their respective ideal maximally entangled states. In addition to being of fundamental interest, this type of entanglement will likely have a significant impact on tickling the average quantum physicist's funny bone.
{"title":"ℓ 00 ℓ entanglement and the twisted quantum eraser","authors":"Dylan Danese, Sabine Wollmann, Saroch Leedumrongwatthanakun, Will McCutcheon, Manuel Erhard, William N. Plick, Mehul Malik","doi":"10.1116/5.0167938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0167938","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the generation of unbalanced two-photon entanglement in the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) transverse-spatial degree-of-freedom, where one photon carries a fundamental (Gauss) mode and the other a higher-order LG mode with a non-zero azimuthal (ℓ) or radial (p) component. Taking a cue from the N00N state nomenclature, we call these types of states ℓ00ℓ-entangled. They are generated by shifting one photon in the LG mode space and combining it with a second (initially uncorrelated) photon at a beamsplitter, followed by coincidence detection. In order to verify two-photon coherence, we demonstrate a two-photon “twisted” quantum eraser, where Hong–Ou–Mandel interference is recovered between two distinguishable photons by projecting them into a rotated LG superposition basis. Using an entanglement witness, we find that our generated states have fidelities of 95.31% and 89.80% to their respective ideal maximally entangled states. In addition to being of fundamental interest, this type of entanglement will likely have a significant impact on tickling the average quantum physicist's funny bone.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"43 35","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135433024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main advantage of an atomic accelerometer when compared to a classical accelerometer is negligible bias drift, allowing for stable long-term measurements, which opens the potential application in navigation. This negligible drift arises from the fact that the measurements can be traced back to natural constants, and the system is intrinsically stable due to the simple design. In this manuscript, we extend this property of long-term stability to gyroscopic measurements by considering an array of atomic accelerometers, and comparing the performance to atomic gyroscopes, which are technologically more prone to bias drifts. We demonstrate that an array consisting of four three-axis atomic accelerometers can outperform state-of-the-art atomic gyroscopes with respect to long-term stability.
{"title":"Emulating an atomic gyroscope with multiple accelerometers","authors":"Nathan Shettell, Rainer Dumke","doi":"10.1116/5.0166281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0166281","url":null,"abstract":"The main advantage of an atomic accelerometer when compared to a classical accelerometer is negligible bias drift, allowing for stable long-term measurements, which opens the potential application in navigation. This negligible drift arises from the fact that the measurements can be traced back to natural constants, and the system is intrinsically stable due to the simple design. In this manuscript, we extend this property of long-term stability to gyroscopic measurements by considering an array of atomic accelerometers, and comparing the performance to atomic gyroscopes, which are technologically more prone to bias drifts. We demonstrate that an array consisting of four three-axis atomic accelerometers can outperform state-of-the-art atomic gyroscopes with respect to long-term stability.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"28 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atom interferometry detectors like AION, ZAIGA, and AEDGE will be able to detect gravitational waves (GWs) at dHz covering the band between large space-based laser interferometers LISA/TianQin/Taiji and ground-based facilities LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA. They will detect the late inspiral and merger of GW sources containing intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in the mass range 102−105 M⊙. We study how accurately the parameters of an IMBH binary can be measured using AION's power spectral density. Furthermore, we propose a detection scheme where the early inspiral of the binary is detected using the regular broadband mode while the merger is detected using the resonant mode. We find that using such a detection scheme, the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection and the detection accuracy of the parameters can be enhanced compared to the full detection of the signal using the broadband mode. We, further, assess the impact of the necessary detection gap while switching from broadband to resonant mode studying the case of a short (30 s) and a long (600 s) gap. We find that the improvement in the detection accuracy for both gaps is around 40% for the total mass and the spin of the heavier black hole. For the short gap, the accuracy always improves ranging between 2% and 31% for the other parameters. For the long gap, there is a decrease in the detection accuracy for the luminosity distance, the inclination, and the initial phase but only by 1%–6% while for the remaining parameters, we have improved accuracies of around 2%–20%.
{"title":"Detecting intermediate-mass black hole binaries with atom interferometer observatories: Using the resonant mode for the merger phase","authors":"Alejandro Torres-Orjuela","doi":"10.1116/5.0162505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0162505","url":null,"abstract":"Atom interferometry detectors like AION, ZAIGA, and AEDGE will be able to detect gravitational waves (GWs) at dHz covering the band between large space-based laser interferometers LISA/TianQin/Taiji and ground-based facilities LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA. They will detect the late inspiral and merger of GW sources containing intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in the mass range 102−105 M⊙. We study how accurately the parameters of an IMBH binary can be measured using AION's power spectral density. Furthermore, we propose a detection scheme where the early inspiral of the binary is detected using the regular broadband mode while the merger is detected using the resonant mode. We find that using such a detection scheme, the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection and the detection accuracy of the parameters can be enhanced compared to the full detection of the signal using the broadband mode. We, further, assess the impact of the necessary detection gap while switching from broadband to resonant mode studying the case of a short (30 s) and a long (600 s) gap. We find that the improvement in the detection accuracy for both gaps is around 40% for the total mass and the spin of the heavier black hole. For the short gap, the accuracy always improves ranging between 2% and 31% for the other parameters. For the long gap, there is a decrease in the detection accuracy for the luminosity distance, the inclination, and the initial phase but only by 1%–6% while for the remaining parameters, we have improved accuracies of around 2%–20%.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"62 2-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlo Altucci, Francesco Bajardi, Andrea Basti, Nicolò Beverini, Giorgio Carelli, Salvatore Capozziello, Simone Castellano, Donatella Ciampini, Fabrizio Davì, Francesco dell'Isola, Gaetano De Luca, Roberto Devoti, Giuseppe Di Somma, Angela D. V. Di Virgilio, Francesco Fuso, Ivan Giorgio, Aladino Govoni, Enrico Maccioni, Paolo Marsili, Antonello Ortolan, Alberto Porzio, Matteo Luca Ruggiero, Raffaele Velotta
Large frame ring laser gyroscopes, based on the Sagnac effect, are top sensitivity instrumentation to measure angular velocity with respect to the fixed stars. GINGER (Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity) project foresees the construction of an array of three large dimension ring laser gyroscopes, rigidly connected to the Earth. GINGER has the potentiality to measure general relativity effects and Lorentz Violation in the gravity sector, once a sensitivity of 10−9, or better, of the Earth rotation rate is obtained. Being attached to the Earth crust, the array will also provide useful data for geophysical investigation. For this purpose, it is at present under construction as part of the multi-components observatory called Underground Geophysics at Gran Sasso (UGSS). Sensitivity is the key point to determine the relevance of this instrument for fundamental science. The most recent progress in the sensitivity measurement, obtained on a ring laser prototype called GINGERINO, indicates that GINGER should reach the level of 1 part in 1011 of the Earth rotation rate.
{"title":"Status of the GINGER project","authors":"Carlo Altucci, Francesco Bajardi, Andrea Basti, Nicolò Beverini, Giorgio Carelli, Salvatore Capozziello, Simone Castellano, Donatella Ciampini, Fabrizio Davì, Francesco dell'Isola, Gaetano De Luca, Roberto Devoti, Giuseppe Di Somma, Angela D. V. Di Virgilio, Francesco Fuso, Ivan Giorgio, Aladino Govoni, Enrico Maccioni, Paolo Marsili, Antonello Ortolan, Alberto Porzio, Matteo Luca Ruggiero, Raffaele Velotta","doi":"10.1116/5.0167940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0167940","url":null,"abstract":"Large frame ring laser gyroscopes, based on the Sagnac effect, are top sensitivity instrumentation to measure angular velocity with respect to the fixed stars. GINGER (Gyroscopes IN GEneral Relativity) project foresees the construction of an array of three large dimension ring laser gyroscopes, rigidly connected to the Earth. GINGER has the potentiality to measure general relativity effects and Lorentz Violation in the gravity sector, once a sensitivity of 10−9, or better, of the Earth rotation rate is obtained. Being attached to the Earth crust, the array will also provide useful data for geophysical investigation. For this purpose, it is at present under construction as part of the multi-components observatory called Underground Geophysics at Gran Sasso (UGSS). Sensitivity is the key point to determine the relevance of this instrument for fundamental science. The most recent progress in the sensitivity measurement, obtained on a ring laser prototype called GINGERINO, indicates that GINGER should reach the level of 1 part in 1011 of the Earth rotation rate.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"32 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134910161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xian Wang, Mahmut Sait Okyay, Anshuman Kumar, Bryan M. Wong
We present a novel, computationally efficient approach to accelerate quantum optimal control calculations of large multi-qubit systems used in a variety of quantum computing applications. By leveraging the intrinsic symmetry of finite groups, the Hilbert space can be decomposed and the Hamiltonians block diagonalized to enable extremely fast quantum optimal control calculations. Our approach reduces the Hamiltonian size of an n-qubit system from 2n×2n to O(n×n) or O((2n/n)×(2n/n)) under Sn or Dn symmetry, respectively. Most importantly, this approach reduces the computational runtime of qubit optimal control calculations by orders of magnitude while maintaining the same accuracy as the conventional method. As prospective applications, we show that (1) symmetry-protected subspaces can be potential platforms for quantum error suppression and simulation of other quantum Hamiltonians and (2) Lie–Trotter–Suzuki decomposition approaches can generalize our method to a general variety of multi-qubit systems.
{"title":"Accelerating quantum optimal control of multi-qubit systems with symmetry-based Hamiltonian transformations","authors":"Xian Wang, Mahmut Sait Okyay, Anshuman Kumar, Bryan M. Wong","doi":"10.1116/5.0162455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1116/5.0162455","url":null,"abstract":"We present a novel, computationally efficient approach to accelerate quantum optimal control calculations of large multi-qubit systems used in a variety of quantum computing applications. By leveraging the intrinsic symmetry of finite groups, the Hilbert space can be decomposed and the Hamiltonians block diagonalized to enable extremely fast quantum optimal control calculations. Our approach reduces the Hamiltonian size of an n-qubit system from 2n×2n to O(n×n) or O((2n/n)×(2n/n)) under Sn or Dn symmetry, respectively. Most importantly, this approach reduces the computational runtime of qubit optimal control calculations by orders of magnitude while maintaining the same accuracy as the conventional method. As prospective applications, we show that (1) symmetry-protected subspaces can be potential platforms for quantum error suppression and simulation of other quantum Hamiltonians and (2) Lie–Trotter–Suzuki decomposition approaches can generalize our method to a general variety of multi-qubit systems.","PeriodicalId":93525,"journal":{"name":"AVS quantum science","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135696790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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