Anuoluwapo M. Ogunleye, Akwasi Opoku, Juan K. Q. Solomon, W. Payne
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Treatments (cover crop systems) were a fallow (no cover crop), five monocultures of rye (Secale cereale L.), winter lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi), white sweetclover (Melilotus alba), forage kale (Brassica oleracea L.), and two three-species mixtures in 50-25-25 seeding ratios (CCM 1: rye, winter lentil, arrowleaf clover; CCM 2: rye, white sweetclover, forage kale). Cover crop systems were arranged in an RCBD with three replications. Plots were fall seeded in Reno, NV early October of each year (2020 and 2021) and terminated at the end of July of 2021 and 2022, respectively. Averaged across years, aboveground biomass production was lowest for the monoculture of winter lentil (4104 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551) compared to all other cover crop systems (average = 7593 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551). Biomass carbon produced was lowest for winter lentil (1717 kg ha−1; SE = 675) relative to all other cover crop systems (average = 3227 kg ha−1; SE = 675). The CCM 1 system had a greater C/N ratio (36.3) than CCM 2 and the monocultures of winter lentil, arrowleaf clover, and white sweetclover (average = 24.9). Belowground biomass did not differ among cover crop systems (average = 3161 kg DM ha−1; SE = 962). Crude protein concentration was similar among cover crop systems but the RFV was greatest for forage kale (RFV = 165; SE = 4.0) among all cover crop systems. Soil total N and organic carbon concentration did not differ among cover crop systems but soil K concentration was greatest under fallow (428 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26) relative to all other systems (average = 345.6 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26). Soil microbial community biomass was not altered by cover crop system or its interaction with year. While the short-term impact of the cover crop systems on soil health indicators was minimal relative to the fallow system, the overall results suggested that there is potential to integrate cover crops in Nevada's semi-arid environment under irrigation.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cool-season cover crop effects on forage productivity and short-term soil health in a semi-arid environment\",\"authors\":\"Anuoluwapo M. Ogunleye, Akwasi Opoku, Juan K. Q. Solomon, W. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在内华达州水资源有限的环境中,还没有进行系统的实验来检验冷季覆盖种植系统对土壤健康和饲料价值的同时效益。本研究旨在研究半干旱灌溉条件下不同年冷季覆盖作物制度对地上、地下生物量产量、植物组织碳氮、饲料营养价值(粗蛋白质、酸性和中性洗涤纤维)、相对饲料价值(RFV)和短期土壤健康指标的影响。处理(覆盖作物系统)为休耕(无覆盖作物)、黑麦(Secale cereale L.)、冬扁豆(Lens culinaris Medik.)、矢叶三叶草(Trifolium vesiculosum Savi .)、白甜三叶草(Melilotus alba)、饲用羽衣甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.)和两种按50-25-25播种比例的三种混合物(CCM 1:黑麦、冬扁豆、矢叶三叶草;CCM 2:黑麦,白甜三叶草,饲料甘蓝)。覆盖作物系统安排在一个RCBD中,每3个重复。这些地块分别于每年(2020年和2021年)10月初在内华达州里诺秋季播种,并分别于2021年和2022年7月底终止。多年平均来看,单作冬扁豆的地上生物量产量最低(4104 kg DM ha - 1);SE = 1551),与所有其他覆盖作物系统(平均= 7593 kg DM ha - 1;Se = 1551)。冬豆的生物量碳产量最低(1717 kg ha - 1);SE = 675),相对于所有其他覆盖作物系统(平均= 3227 kg ha - 1;Se = 675)。ccm1体系的碳氮比(36.3)高于ccm2体系和冬扁豆、箭叶三叶草和白甜三叶草单一栽培(平均为24.9)。地下生物量在覆盖作物系统之间没有差异(平均= 3161 kg DM ha - 1;Se = 962)。不同覆盖作物体系的粗蛋白质浓度相似,但饲用羽衣甘蓝的RFV最高(RFV = 165;SE = 4.0)。土壤全氮和有机碳浓度在不同覆盖作物制度下没有差异,但土壤钾浓度在休耕条件下最高(428 mg kg - 1土壤;SE = 26)相对于所有其他系统(平均= 345.6 mg kg - 1土壤;Se = 26)。土壤微生物群落生物量不受覆盖作物制度及其与年份的交互作用的影响。虽然覆盖作物系统对土壤健康指标的短期影响与休耕系统相比微乎其微,但总体结果表明,在灌溉条件下,内华达州半干旱环境中有可能整合覆盖作物。
Cool-season cover crop effects on forage productivity and short-term soil health in a semi-arid environment
Abstract There have been no systematic experiments conducted in Nevada's water-limited environment that examined the simultaneous benefits of soil health and feed value derived from cool-season cover cropping systems. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different annual cool-season cover crop systems on above and belowground biomass production, plant tissue carbon and nitrogen, forage nutritive value (crude protein, acid, and neutral detergent fiber), relative feed value (RFV), and short-term soil health indicators under irrigation in a semi-arid environment. Treatments (cover crop systems) were a fallow (no cover crop), five monocultures of rye (Secale cereale L.), winter lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi), white sweetclover (Melilotus alba), forage kale (Brassica oleracea L.), and two three-species mixtures in 50-25-25 seeding ratios (CCM 1: rye, winter lentil, arrowleaf clover; CCM 2: rye, white sweetclover, forage kale). Cover crop systems were arranged in an RCBD with three replications. Plots were fall seeded in Reno, NV early October of each year (2020 and 2021) and terminated at the end of July of 2021 and 2022, respectively. Averaged across years, aboveground biomass production was lowest for the monoculture of winter lentil (4104 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551) compared to all other cover crop systems (average = 7593 kg DM ha−1; SE = 1551). Biomass carbon produced was lowest for winter lentil (1717 kg ha−1; SE = 675) relative to all other cover crop systems (average = 3227 kg ha−1; SE = 675). The CCM 1 system had a greater C/N ratio (36.3) than CCM 2 and the monocultures of winter lentil, arrowleaf clover, and white sweetclover (average = 24.9). Belowground biomass did not differ among cover crop systems (average = 3161 kg DM ha−1; SE = 962). Crude protein concentration was similar among cover crop systems but the RFV was greatest for forage kale (RFV = 165; SE = 4.0) among all cover crop systems. Soil total N and organic carbon concentration did not differ among cover crop systems but soil K concentration was greatest under fallow (428 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26) relative to all other systems (average = 345.6 mg kg−1 soil; SE = 26). Soil microbial community biomass was not altered by cover crop system or its interaction with year. While the short-term impact of the cover crop systems on soil health indicators was minimal relative to the fallow system, the overall results suggested that there is potential to integrate cover crops in Nevada's semi-arid environment under irrigation.
期刊介绍:
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems (formerly American Journal of Alternative Agriculture) is a multi-disciplinary journal which focuses on the science that underpins economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable approaches to agriculture and food production. The journal publishes original research and review articles on the economic, ecological, and environmental impacts of agriculture; the effective use of renewable resources and biodiversity in agro-ecosystems; and the technological and sociological implications of sustainable food systems. It also contains a discussion forum, which presents lively discussions on new and provocative topics.