Kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi bilangan model ujian negara tingkat SMP

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi bilangan model Ujian Negara (UN) untuk tingkat SMP. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Survei dilaksanakan pada siswa SMP kelas IX se-Kabupaten Dharmasraya, Indonesia. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 104 siswa dipilih menggunakan teknik stratified propotional random sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes diagnostik berupa soal uraian yang dimodifikasi dari soal pilihan ganda pada UN tingkat SMP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal operasi bilangan model UN untuk tingkat SMP yaitu kesalahan membaca (reading erorrs) sebanyak 30%; kesalahan pemahaman (comprehension errors) sebanyak 40%; kesalahan transformasi (transformations errors) sebanyak 83%; kesalahan keterampilan proses (processing skill errors) sebanyak 85%; dan kesalahan menarik kesimpulan (encoding errors) sebanyak 85%. AbstractThis study aimed to describe the types of students’ errors in solving the number operation problem of the state examination (Ujian Negara or UN) model for the junior high school level. This study was a survey with a quantitative approach. The survey was conducted on ninth-grade junior high school stu­dents in Dharmasraya Regency, Indonesia. The number of study samples was 104 students who were selected using the stratified proportional random sam­pling technique. The instrument used was a diagnostic test in the form of an essay problem which was modified from the multiple-choice national exami­nation test at the junior high school level. The results showed that the types of students’ errors in solving the UN model problem on the topic of number ope­rations were: reading errors (30%); comprehension error (40%); transforma­tions errors (83%); processing skill errors (85%); and encoding errors (85%).