利用迁移抗体抑制高致病性A/H5N1型禽流感感染的研究

K. Adachi, G. K. Suryaman, R. Soejoedono, E. Handharyani, Y. Tsukamoto
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引用次数: 0

摘要

禽流感不仅在家禽中,而且在人类中也是传染性最强的疾病。人类感染的禽流感主要发生在东南亚,但尚未发生人与人之间的大流行。与此同时,禽流感在全球范围内爆发,造成了巨大的经济损失。据说,通过卵子从母鸟身上传递的迁移抗体是保护鸟类免受感染的免疫系统的重要组成部分。因此,母鸟的免疫状态可以决定后代抵御感染的能力。在这项研究中,我们调查了在印度尼西亚一个家禽养殖场孵化的鸡中是否存在抗禽流感病毒抗体,并通过鸡中高致病性禽流感的感染实验,检验了迁移抗体在预防病毒感染中的作用。从随机选择的雏鸡中采集血液,并对所有禽类的禽流感病毒抗体进行评估。由于这些幼鸟没有疫苗接种史,抗体被认为是从母鸟身上转移过来的。每只鸟的酶联免疫吸附试验抗体滴度各不相同。这些禽类经鼻感染高致病性禽流感病毒A/H5N1,导致抗体滴度低的雏鸡死亡率高,但抗体滴度高的雏鸡死亡率低。这些发现表明,迁移性抗体可以预防雏鸡感染高致病性禽流感A/H5N1,这表明户外自然感染也可以预期这种预防效果。
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Suppression of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A/H5N1 Infection Using Migratory Antibody Passed from Mother to Chick
Avian influenza is the most contagious disease not only in poultry, but also in humans. Avian influenza in humans occurs mainly in Southeast Asia, but no human-to-human pandemic has occurred. Meanwhile, outbreaks of avian influenza in poultry occur on a global scale and cause a large economic loss. Migration antibodies passed from mother birds via eggs are said to be an important component of the immune system that protects birds from infection. Thus, the immunity status of mother birds can determine the ability of offspring to defend against infection. In this study, we investigated the presence of anti-avian influenza virus antibody in chickens hatched on a poultry farm in Indonesia and examined the involvement of migratory antibodies in protecting against virus infection by infectious experiments of highly pathogenic avian influenza in chickens. Blood was collected from randomly selected chicks, and antibodies against avian influenza virus were evaluated in all birds. Since these young birds had no history of vaccination, the antibodies were deemed to have been transferred from the mother birds. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antibody titer in each bird varied. Infection of these birds with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A/H5N1 intra-nasally resulted in a high mortality rate in chicks with low antibody titers but a low mortality rate in chicks with high antibody titers. These findings indicate that migratory antibody prevented highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 infection in chicks, suggesting that such a preventive effect could also be expected with outdoor natural infection.
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