Novel concept of tailorable magnetic field and electron pressure distribution in a magnetic nozzle for effective space propulsion

Magnetic nozzle appears to be a practical solution for prolonged space missions. For efficient handling of the spaceship, an in-flight solution to customize the thrust from the magnetic nozzle is essential. Here a new concept of three-thick coils system is proposed for tailoring the magnetic field in-flight in accordance with electron pressure distribution. The role of peak position of the pressure and its axial gradient is also uncovered for realizing higher thrust. About three-fold increase in thrust is observed when the electron temperature is raised to ∼2.5 times of its original value at the exit plane. The set-up is optimized for its best performance and efficient use in the electric space propulsion sector with thrust approaching 5 mN. In particular, this can contribute to the attitude control or the precision pointing of the spacecraft, the technology for removal of space debris and manipulating the ion momentum flux lost to a wall or unsteady laser produced plasma flow in a magnetic nozzle.