被囚禁者:撒哈拉地区人类遏制的政治经济学

IF 4.1 2区 社会学 Q1 POLITICAL SCIENCE Politics & Society Pub Date : 2021-05-20 DOI:10.1177/00323292211014373
J. Brachet, J. Scheele
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引用次数: 2

摘要

仔细看看最近关于撒哈拉地区“现代奴隶制”的报道,特别是当代利比亚南部对撒哈拉以南移民的剥削,就会发现他们谈到了其他形式的囚禁,如债务奴役、强迫监狱劳动和劫持人质勒索赎金。这种形式的剥削在该地区有着同样悠久的历史,但更明显地与当代现象交织在一起:压抑的移民政策、国家监禁和世界范围内的民族排名。本文试图通过实地考察和历史实例来了解它们的本质。理解将对移民困境的指责从“当地文化”转移到国际政治经济上,并赋予移民一定程度的能动性,而对奴隶制的全面谴责往往会否认这一点。它还提出了关于劳动力、流动性和囚禁之间联系的更普遍的问题;国家和非国家的政治控制系统之间的关系,他们的边界和重叠;以及在撒哈拉沙漠及其他地区,赋予个人生命价值的不同方式——或积极创造、协商或拒绝。
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Captives at Large: On the Political Economy of Human Containment in the Sahara
A closer look at recent reports of “modern slavery” in the Sahara, particularly the exploitation of sub-Saharan migrants in contemporary southern Libya, shows that they speak of other forms of captivity, such as debt bondage, forced prison labor, and hostage taking for ransom. Such forms of exploitation have an equally long history in the region but are more obviously enmeshed with contemporary phenomena: repressive migration policies, state incarceration, and the worldwide ranking of nationalities. This article seeks to understand them for what they are, using fieldwork and historical examples. Understanding shifts the blame for the migrants’ plight from “local culture” to the international political economy and grants migrants a degree of agency that blanket condemnations of slavery often deny. It also opens up more general questions about links between labor, mobility, and captivity; the relationship between state and nonstate systems of political control, their boundaries and overlaps; and the different ways value is accorded to individual lives—or actively created, negotiated, or denied—in the Sahara and beyond.
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来源期刊
Politics & Society
Politics & Society Multiple-
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
4.20%
发文量
16
期刊介绍: Politics & Society is a peer-reviewed journal. All submitted papers are read by a rotating editorial board member. If a paper is deemed potentially publishable, it is sent to another board member, who, if agreeing that it is potentially publishable, sends it to a third board member. If and only if all three agree, the paper is sent to the entire editorial board for consideration at board meetings. The editorial board meets three times a year, and the board members who are present (usually between 9 and 14) make decisions through a deliberative process that also considers written reports from absent members. Unlike many journals which rely on 1–3 individual blind referee reports and a single editor with final say, the peers who decide whether to accept submitted work are thus the full editorial board of the journal, comprised of scholars from various disciplines, who discuss papers openly, with author names known, at meetings. Editors are required to disclose potential conflicts of interest when evaluating manuscripts and to recuse themselves from voting if such a potential exists.
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