保守主义反对公民美德教育

IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Theory and Research in Education Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI:10.1177/14778785231180820
Benjamin Sachs-Cobbe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自20世纪90年代以来,公民美德教育在美国和英国开始普及。它旨在向学生们灌输礼貌、尊重和诚实等美德。这篇文章针对两种批评为公民美德教育辩护。根据第一种可能被称为“现状偏见”的批评,灌输这些美德是停滞不前的秘诀。根据第二种可能被称为“个人主义”的批评,EVC发出的信息是公民自己对自己的命运主要负责。提出这两种批评的作者倾向于将EVC与“保守主义”或其同源术语之一联系起来。如果公民美德的教育真的是保守的,那么这就引起了人们的担忧,即公民美德的教育是党派化的,这肯定会使它在道德上受到反对。在本文中,我区分了大c保守主义和小c保守主义,并将公民美德教育的批评者解释为,公民美德教育是保守的(即与右倾政党的政治哲学一致),因为它是个人主义的,而保守的,因为它是现状偏见的。反对个人主义的批评,我指出,链的保守主义经济学家哈耶克和弗里德曼等美德的典范是anti-individualistic认为我们需要良好的经济政策来弥补这一事实我们不能指望个人经济演员锻炼良好的道德判断,这像伯克保守主义受到评论家的链,尼斯贝特认为,Scruton anti-individualistic强调社区的美德。因此,从个人主义到保守主义的推论不成立。针对对现状偏见的批评,我认为,谁将从抵制变革的公民中受益是不可预测的。因此,尽管给这种抵抗贴上“保守”的标签可能是正确的,但这种保守主义并非党派之争。
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The conservatism objection to educating for the virtues of citizenship
Since the 1990s, education for the virtues of citizenship has become widespread in the United States and United Kingdom. It is intended to inculcate virtues such as courtesy, respect and truthfulness in school children. This essay defends education for the virtues of citizenship against two criticisms. According to the first, which might be called the ‘status quo bias’ criticism, inculcating such virtues is a recipe for stasis. According to the second, which might be called the ‘individualism’ criticism, EVC sends the message that the citizen herself is primarily responsible for her fate. The authors who raise these two criticisms tend to link EVC with ‘conservatism’ or one of its cognate terms. If education for the virtues of citizenship really is conservative, this raises the worry that education for the virtues of citizenship is partisan, which would surely render it morally objectionable. In this paper, I distinguish big-C Conservatism from small-c conservatism, and interpret the education for the virtues of citizenship critics as contending that education for the virtues of citizenship is Conservative (i.e. aligned with the political philosophies of right-leaning parties) in virtue of being individualistic, and conservative in virtue of being status quo biased. Against the individualism criticism, I point out that the strand of conservatism of which economists like Hayek and Friedman are the standard-bearers is anti-individualistic in virtue of holding that we need good economic policy to make up for the fact that we cannot count on individual economic actors to exercise sound moral judgement, and that the strand of conservatism inspired by commentators like Burke, Nisbet and Scruton is anti-individualistic in virtue of its emphasis on community. Hence, the inference from individualism to Conservatism doesn’t go through. Against the status quo bias criticism, I contend that it is unpredictable who will benefit from citizens being resistant to change. Hence, while it may be right to label such resistance ‘conservative’, such conservatism is not partisan.
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来源期刊
Theory and Research in Education
Theory and Research in Education EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
22
期刊介绍: Theory and Research in Education, formerly known as The School Field, is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes theoretical, empirical and conjectural papers contributing to the development of educational theory, policy and practice.
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