急诊科青少年的物质使用

IF 0.4 Q4 PEDIATRICS Adolescent Psychiatry Pub Date : 2020-01-10 DOI:10.2174/2210676608666181015114220
Edore Onigu-Otite, Miju Kurtzweil, V. Tucci, N. Moukaddam
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引用次数: 1

摘要

青少年药物使用是一个动态的公共卫生问题。青春期是一个独特的发育时期,涉及重叠的生物、心理和社会因素,这些因素增加了开始使用药物的比率。发育中的青少年大脑特别容易受到物质的影响,大多数患有物质使用障碍的成年人在青少年时期就开始出现症状和问题。然而,由于各种原因,大多数使用、误用、滥用或成瘾物质的青少年没有意识到治疗的必要性。青少年吸毒和酗酒是医院急诊科(EDs)的常见表现,其表现形式不同,包括与中毒、戒断状态或与药物相关事件相关的创伤有关。对于许多使用药物的青少年来说,急诊科(ED)是与医务人员接触的第一个点,因此也可以作为进入治疗的潜在切入点。本文回顾了急诊科出现的药物和酒精问题的常见方式,患者和家属的临床评估,筛查,实验室测试,急诊科的简短干预,以及在急诊科如何管理全国急诊科青少年药物使用变化的指导方针之外的转诊治疗。我们强调,需要大量的进一步研究来告知有效的ED方案,以解决这一重要的个人和公共健康安全问题。需要包括由不同利益攸关方组成的协作团队在内的护理模式系统,以有效管理患有物质使用障碍的青少年。
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Substance Use in Adolescents Presenting to the Emergency Department
Adolescent substance use is a dynamic public health problem. Adolescence is a unique developmental period involving overlapping biological, psychological, and social factors which increase the rates of initiation of substance use. The developing adolescent brain is particularly susceptible to the effects of substances and most adults with substance use disorders began to have symptoms and problems in their adolescent years. Yet, for various reasons, most adolescents who use, misuse, abuse, or are addicted to substances do not perceive the need for treatment. Drug and alcohol use among adolescents is a common presentation in hospital Emergency Departments (EDs) and presents in different forms including in association with intoxication, withdrawal states, or trauma associated with drug-related events. For many adolescents with substance use, the Emergency Department (ED) is the first point of contact with medical personnel and thus also serves as a potential entry point into treatment. This article reviews the common ways drug and alcohol problems present in the ED, clinical assessment of the patient and family, screening, laboratory testing, brief interventions in the ED, and referral to treatment beyond the ED. Guidelines on how to manage the shifting terrain of adolescent substance use presenting in EDs across the nation continue to evolve. We highlight that considerable further research is needed to inform effective ED protocols to address this important individual and public health safety concern. Systems of care models which include collaborative teams of diverse stake holders are needed to effectively manage adolescents with substance use disorders.
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来源期刊
Adolescent Psychiatry
Adolescent Psychiatry PEDIATRICS-
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Adolescent Psychiatry a peer-reviewed journal, aims to provide mental health professionals who work with adolescents with current information relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Adolescent Psychiatry reports of original research, critical reviews of topics relevant to practitioners, clinical observations with analysis and discussion, analysis of philosophical, ethical or social aspects of the fields of psychiatry and mental health, case reports with discussions, letters, and position papers. Topics include adolescent development and developmental psychopathology, psychotherapy and other psychosocial treatment approaches, psychopharmacology, and service settings and programs. The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, or emerging adults, that is, persons 12-24 years of age . Articles on families of adolescents, or adults who have been followed since adolescence will also be considered.
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