与微生物组相比,经常食用乳酸发酵蔬菜对肠道代谢组的影响更大

Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gmb.2023.9
Kylene Guse, Ashok Sharma, Emily Weyenberg, Sam Davison, Yiwei Ma, Yuni Choi, Abigail J Johnson, Chi Chen, Andres Gomez
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摘要

摘要西方食品体系的工业化减少了乳发酵蔬菜(LFV)的常规消费。食用LFV可能通过改变肠道微生物组对健康有益,但其机制尚不清楚。为了开始了解LFV的可能益处,我们比较了经常食用LFV(n=23)和不食用LFV的个体(n=24)的粪便微生物多样性和组成以及饮食习惯。我们利用微生物DNA扩增子测序(16S rRNA和ITS2)和非靶向代谢组学(LC–MS)来分析粪便样本。研究参与者还提供了连续三天的饮食数据。结果显示对微生物组组成的影响较小;LFV消费者中富集了一些可能与蔬菜发酵物有关的微生物,如间质明串珠菌和粘液红酵母(P<0.05)。然而,LFV的消耗对粪便代谢组的影响更大,丁酸、乙酸和戊酸的丰度更高(P<0.05),代谢组多样性显著更大(P<0.001)。总体而言,观察到LFV消费对粪便微生物组的微小变化和对粪便代谢组的更大影响,有必要对LFV作为人类日常饮食的常规成分的健康意义进行进一步研究。
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Regular consumption of lacto-fermented vegetables has greater effects on the gut metabolome compared with the microbiome.

The industrialisation of Western food systems has reduced the regular consumption of lacto-fermented vegetables (LFV). Consuming LFV may exert health benefits through the alteration of the gut microbiome, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. To start understanding the possible benefits of LFV, we compared faecal microbial diversity and composition, as well as dietary habits between individuals who regularly consume LFV (n = 23) and those who do not (n = 24). We utilised microbial DNA amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA and ITS2) and untargeted metabolomics (LC-MS) to analyse stool samples. Study participants also provided three consecutive days of dietary data. Results show minor effects on microbiome composition; with the enrichment of a few microorganisms potentially associated with vegetable ferments, such as Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (P < 0.05), in LFV consumers. However, LFV consumption had greater effects on the faecal metabolome, with higher abundances of butyrate, acetate, and valerate (P < 0.05) and significantly greater metabolome diversity (P < 0.001). Overall, the observations of minor changes in the faecal microbiome and greater effects on the faecal metabolome from LFV consumption warrant further investigations on the health significance of LFV as regular components of the daily diet in humans.

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