Pro-inflammatory and hyperinsulinaemic dietary patterns are associated with specific gut microbiome profiles: a TwinsUK cohort study.

Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1017/gmb.2024.14
Ni Shi, Sushma Nepal, Rachel Hoobler, Cristina Menni, Mary C Playdon, Daniel Spakowicz, Philippa M Wells, Claire J Steves, Steven K Clinton, Fred K Tabung
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Abstract

Metabolic dietary patterns, including the Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinaemia (EDIH) and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP), are known to impact multiple chronic diseases, but the role of the colonic microbiome in mediating such relationships is poorly understood. Among 1,610 adults with faecal 16S rRNA data in the TwinsUK cohort, we identified the microbiome profiles for EDIH and EDIP (from food frequency questionnaires) cross-sectionally using elastic net regression. We assessed the association of the dietary pattern-related microbiome profile scores with circulating biomarkers in multivariable-adjusted linear regression. In addition, we used PICRUSt2 to predict biological pathways associated with the enriched microbiome profiles, and further screened pathways for associations with the dietary scores in linear regression analyses. Microbiome profile scores developed with 32 (EDIH) and 15 (EDIP) genera were associated with higher insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance. Six genera were associated with both dietary scores: Ruminococcaceae_UCG-008, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008, Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011 Anaeroplasma, inversely and Negativibacillus, Streptococcus, positively. Further, pathways in fatty acid biosynthesis, sugar acid degradation, and mevalonate metabolism were associated with insulinaemic and inflammatory diets. Dietary patterns that exert metabolic effects on insulin and inflammation may influence chronic disease risk by modulating gut microbial composition and function.

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促炎和高胰岛素血症饮食模式与特定肠道微生物群特征相关:TwinsUK队列研究
众所周知,代谢饮食模式,包括高胰岛素血症的经验饮食指数(EDIH)和经验饮食炎症模式(EDIP),会影响多种慢性疾病,但结肠微生物组在介导这种关系中的作用尚不清楚。在TwinsUK队列中有1610名粪便16S rRNA数据的成年人中,我们使用弹性网络回归(elastic net regression)对EDIH和EDIP(来自食物频率问卷)的微生物组进行了横断面鉴定。我们在多变量调整线性回归中评估了与饮食模式相关的微生物组谱评分与循环生物标志物的关系。此外,我们使用PICRUSt2预测与富集微生物组相关的生物学途径,并在线性回归分析中进一步筛选与饮食评分相关的途径。使用32 (EDIH)和15 (EDIP)属开发的微生物组谱评分与较高的胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估相关。6个属与两种膳食评分均相关:Ruminococcaceae_UCG-008、Lachnospiraceae_UCG-008、defluviitaleace_ucg -011无氧原体呈负相关,阴性杆菌、链球菌呈正相关。此外,脂肪酸生物合成、糖酸降解和甲羟戊酸代谢的途径与胰岛素和炎症性饮食有关。对胰岛素和炎症产生代谢影响的饮食模式可能通过调节肠道微生物组成和功能来影响慢性疾病的风险。
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