A Narrative Draft on Positive Self-Category in Diverse Social- and Language World

DEUTSCH) Dieser Beitrag entstand im Rahmen meiner biografieund interaktionsanalytischen Studie zu sozialen und sprachlichen Erfahrungen junger „RückkehrerInnen“, d.h. junger Frauen und Männer türkischer Herkunft, die in Deutschland oder Österreich aufwuchsen, und als Jugendliche bzw. junge Erwachsene in die Türkei migrierten. Arda, der Informant, den ich im Folgenden vorstellen werde, beschreibt unterschiedliche Sozialwelten in Deutschland und in der Türkei. Dabei räumt er der Beschreibung von zwei grundsätzlich unterschiedlichen Lebenswelten, die seine Kindheit in Deutschland prägen, großen Raum ein: zum einen der Lebenswelt des Türkenviertels in Kreuzberg, wo er geboren ist und bis zur Einschulung lebte, und zum anderen der deutschen Lebenswelt, in die seine Familie später umgezogen ist und in der er die Grundschule besucht und absolviert hat. Nach der Übersiedlung in die Türkei erlebt Arda eine moderne türkische Lebenswelt, an die er sich anpassen muss. In seinem neuen Leben erfährt er den schmerzlichen Verlust der deutschen Alltagssprache. Zur Beschreibung verwendet er komplexe Verfahren ethnischer und sozialer Kategorisierung und negativer bzw. positiver Selbstpositionierungen zu den verschiedenen Welten. Ziel meiner Analysen ist es nach einem Überblick über die soziolinguistische Forschung zu sozialer Kategorisierung, die Kategorisierungsprozesse und deren charakteristische Eigenschaften und Handlungsweisen, die Arda verwendet, zu rekonstruieren und die sprachlichen Mittel und Verfahren zu beschreiben, die zur Positionierung und zur Selbstund Fremdkategorisierung verwendet werden. Schlüsselwörter: Deutsch-Türkische Migration, biographisches Interview, narrative Identität, Positionierung, soziale Kategorisierung ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) This essay arose during my biographicaland interactional analysis of social and language experiences of young „returnees“, in other words, young women and men of Turkish origin, who grew up in Germany and Austria and re-migrated as teenagers or young adults to Turkey. Arda, the Informant, whom I want to introduce in the following, describes different social worlds in Germany and Turkey. For this, he describes two different which shaped his childhood; on one hand, it is the TurkishWorld in Berlin/ Kreuzberg, in which he was born into and remained until primaryENGLISH) This essay arose during my biographicaland interactional analysis of social and language experiences of young „returnees“, in other words, young women and men of Turkish origin, who grew up in Germany and Austria and re-migrated as teenagers or young adults to Turkey. Arda, the Informant, whom I want to introduce in the following, describes different social worlds in Germany and Turkey. For this, he describes two different which shaped his childhood; on one hand, it is the TurkishWorld in Berlin/ Kreuzberg, in which he was born into and remained until primary 55 Originalveröffentlichung in: Studien zur deutschen Sprache und Literatur vol. 1 (2019), No. 41, pp. 55-88 Publikationsserver des Leibniz-Instituts für Deutsche Sprache URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:mh39-92125 56 EXTENDED ABSTRACT The immigration from Germany to Turkey is a situation of radical change, which many people of Turkish origin undergo. This also allows them the differentiation of and/or affiliation with different social worlds. In my biographicaland interactional-analytical study of social and linguistic experiences of young “returnees”, I undertook biographical interviews of about one hour with 40 informants (Devran, 2017). The student Arda, whom I want to introduce in the following, attracted my attention because of his self-confident appearance and his manifold self-portrayals and self-evaluations. The interview, which took approximately one hour, was held in my office at the University of Marmara in Istanbul. Arda was born in Berlin (Kreuzberg), raised in Tempelhof and had to move to Ankara at the age of twelve with his family. At the time of the interview, Arda was 28 years old and in his last year of study. He studied German philology at the University of Istanbul. In his interview, Arda talks about a lot of experiences starting from his birth in Berlin-Kreuzberg, his school time in Berlin-Tempelhof and his study and working experience in Istanbul. In doing so, he relates many of his own experiences, which contain important biographical phases, to the different ways of life and to his attitude towards the particular languages and the way they are spoken. This analysis follows the chronological order of Arda’s biographical events, in accordance with the way Arda presents them in the narrative presentation. For the analysis of this biographical interview, I will apply concepts that aim to reconstruct the narrative-constructed identities, in particular the concept of positioning and social categorisation. Lucius-Hoene & Deppermann (2004) and Deppermann (2013) suggest the concept of positioning as an instrument for empirical studies of narrative identities on the basis of autobiographical narration. An important component of the positioning-approach is the social categorisation. Selfand other-positioning contain the attribution and demand of social and personal identity facets, for example the affiliation to social groups or the school and on the other hand, it is the German-World, in which his family later moved and where Arda was raised until the end of his primary school. After moving back to Turkey, Arda was introduced to a new modern Turkish environment, to which he had to become familiar. In his new world, Arda encounters the loss of his German daily language. For his description Arda uses complex methods of ethnic and social categorisation and more negative and/or positive self-positioning to different worlds. In order to describe his action, he used complex methods of ethnical and social categories and negative and/or positive self-positioning to diverse worlds. The aim of this work is primarily to give a general overview into the field of study of sociolinguistics and its social categories and secondarily the reconstruction of the categorisation-processes and linguistic methods Arda used.