变化的网——潮间带岩礁潮汐循环中复杂网的变化

IF 3.1 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecological Complexity Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.ecocom.2023.101060
Catarina Vinagre , Vanessa Mendonça
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引用次数: 0

摘要

将时间变化纳入模型是食物网研究中最重要的挑战之一。时间引起深刻变化的环境之一是潮间带,在那里,浸没-浮现循环会极大地改变非生物和生物条件。人们对潮间带岩石海岸进行了深入研究,但在潮汐周期中发生的复杂食物网网络的变化仍未得到描述。为潮间带暗礁组装了高分辨率的食物网网络,描绘了低潮和高潮期间以及有潮池和无潮池时的食物网。研究得出的结论是,高潮为网络增加了新的物种,但并没有增加复杂性,因为网络连接没有改变。之所以会出现这种情况,是因为外来物种大多是多面手,这为网络增加了许多新的链接。然而,潮池不仅增加了多样性,还增加了复杂性。网状物以中间物种为主,由于大型脊椎动物捕食者的到来,顶级消费者的比例在整个潮汐周期中波动,在低潮时最低,在高潮时最高。消费类群的数量超过资源类群,退潮时有水池时除外。平均营养水平在低潮时最低(2.3),高潮时最高(2.6),有水池。杂食性较高,变化不大。“链”,即连接顶部和底部物种的链接数量,是稳定的,但很低。这意味着扰动可以通过捕食者-猎物的联系从下到下或从上快速传播。潮汐池的增加可能会增加对干扰的鲁棒性,这是经常受到人类活动影响的沿海地区的一个重要特征。
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Changing webs—Variation of complex networks over a tidal cycle in an intertidal rocky reef

Incorporating temporal variation in models is one of the most important challenges in food web research. One of the environments where time causes profound changes is the intertidal zone, where the immersion-emersion cycle drastically changes the abiotic and biotic conditions. Intertidal rocky shores have been intensively studied, however the variation in the complex food web network that occurs during a tidal cycle remains undescribed. Highly resolved food web networks were assembled for an intertidal reef depicting the food web during low and high tide, and with and without tide pools. It was concluded that high tide adds new species to the web, but it does not add complexity since network connectance was not changed. This occurs because incoming species are mostly highly generalist fish, which add many new links to the web. Tide pools, however, add not only diversity but also complexity. Webs were dominated by intermediate species, with the proportion of top consumers fluctuating throughout the tidal cycle, being lowest during low tide and highest at high tide, due to the incoming larger vertebrate predators. Consumer taxa outnumbered resource taxa, except at low tide when pools are present. Mean trophic level was lowest at low tide (2.3) and highest at high tide with pools (2.6). Omnivory was high and showed little change. “Chain”, the number of links connecting top to basal species, was stable but low. This implies that disturbance can rapidly travel bottom-up or top-down through predator-prey links. The increased connectance given by the addition of tide pools likely increases robustness to disturbances, an important feature in coastal areas so often impacted by human action.

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来源期刊
Ecological Complexity
Ecological Complexity 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
24
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecological Complexity is an international journal devoted to the publication of high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of biocomplexity in the environment, theoretical ecology, and special issues on topics of current interest. The scope of the journal is wide and interdisciplinary with an integrated and quantitative approach. The journal particularly encourages submission of papers that integrate natural and social processes at appropriately broad spatio-temporal scales. Ecological Complexity will publish research into the following areas: • All aspects of biocomplexity in the environment and theoretical ecology • Ecosystems and biospheres as complex adaptive systems • Self-organization of spatially extended ecosystems • Emergent properties and structures of complex ecosystems • Ecological pattern formation in space and time • The role of biophysical constraints and evolutionary attractors on species assemblages • Ecological scaling (scale invariance, scale covariance and across scale dynamics), allometry, and hierarchy theory • Ecological topology and networks • Studies towards an ecology of complex systems • Complex systems approaches for the study of dynamic human-environment interactions • Using knowledge of nonlinear phenomena to better guide policy development for adaptation strategies and mitigation to environmental change • New tools and methods for studying ecological complexity
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