The current landscape and future direction of curriculum reform in China

This article outlines the nine curriculum reforms at different stages since the founding of the People's Republic of China. Compared with the previous ones, the ninth curriculum reform emphasizes the operability of Compulsory Education Curriculum Program and Standards (2022 edition), pays attention to the interpretation of Curriculum Standards 2022 and teacher training, focuses on providing rich curriculum resources, and encourages curriculum innovation in regional and school-based levels. In terms of practical results, the ninth curriculum reform is significant in enhancing five-dimension integrative education and constructing the high-quality curriculum system; implementing the “Double Reduction” policy to foster all-rounded and harmonious development of individuals; and improving educational evaluation to promote educational ecosystem reform. Looking ahead, the Chinese government aims to enrich the content of curriculum to foster the students' moral character by establishing their global vision and comprehensive thinking. The future efforts will focus on optimizing the curriculum implementation, advancing localized implementation, and transformative approaches to nurturing students. Innovative models of curriculum reform will be further explored. Attention will be given to teacher practices, fostering increased enthusiasm and competence among teachers to actively participate in and contribute to the ongoing reform process.