“National Outlook Movement” in Turkey: A Study on the Rise and Development of Islamic Political Parties

Abstract: The Turkish “National Outlook Movement”, defined as a continuous Islamic Political Parties’ movement since the 1970s was led by Turkish former Prime Minister Necmettin Erbakan. Apart from factors of economy, society, psychology, culture and ideology, the rise of Islamic Political parties was due to the inclusion-coaptation strategy initiated by the state. As a 40 years’ lasting movement, the development, climax, crisis and continuity of “National Outlook Movement” will be of great help in understanding the relationship between modernization and secularization, religion and democracy, as well as the complex reasons of religious revival.