青少年健康发展与少年司法系统:挑战与解决办法

IF 5.1 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Child Development Perspectives Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI:10.1111/cdep.12461
Caitlin Cavanagh
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引用次数: 8

摘要

青少年在发展方面与成年人不同,因此需要对青少年犯罪采取有针对性的应对措施。青少年正常的大脑发育与冒险行为的增加有关,其中可能包括犯罪行为。青少年犯罪在青少年时期达到高峰,并随着心理社会的成熟而下降。然而,目前美国的青少年司法方法与青少年的发展需求不一致,可能会破坏青少年脱离犯罪并过上健康成年生活所必需的心理社会发展。在这篇文章中,我讨论了经验支持和有效的应对措施在美国的青少年犯罪,以及进一步发展的机会,改革青少年司法制度。对青少年犯罪采取与发展相适应的对策,优先考虑以社区为基础的矫正,并将青少年的社会背景纳入康复过程。少年司法系统也有责任帮助青年准备好过充实而富有成效的成年生活;通过与发展科学家合作,为青少年司法实践和政策提供信息,可以实现这一责任。
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Healthy adolescent development and the juvenile justice system: Challenges and solutions

Adolescents are developmentally distinct from adults in ways that merit a tailored response to juvenile crime. Normative adolescent brain development is associated with increases in risk taking, which may include criminal behavior. Juvenile delinquency peaks during the adolescent years and declines in concert with psychosocial maturation. However, current U.S. approaches to juvenile justice are misaligned with youth's developmental needs and may undermine the very psychosocial development necessary for youth to transition out of crime and lead healthy adult lives. In this article, I discuss empirically supported and efficacious responses to juvenile crime in the United States, as well as opportunities for further developmental reform of the juvenile justice system. Developmentally appropriate responses to juvenile crime prioritize community-based corrections and engage youth's social context in the rehabilitative process. The juvenile justice system shares the responsibility to prepare youth to live fulfilling, productive adult lives; that responsibility can be achieved by partnering with developmental scientists to inform juvenile justice practice and policy.

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来源期刊
Child Development Perspectives
Child Development Perspectives PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
1.60%
发文量
35
期刊介绍: Child Development Perspectives" mission is to provide accessible, synthetic reports that summarize emerging trends or conclusions within various domains of developmental research, and to encourage multidisciplinary and international dialogue on a variety of topics in the developmental sciences. Articles in the journal will include reviews, commentary, and groups of papers on a targeted issue. Manuscripts presenting new empirical data are not appropriate for this journal. Articles will be obtained through two sources: author-initiated submissions and invited articles or commentary. Potential contributors who have ideas about a set of three or four papers written from very different perspectives may contact the editor with their ideas for feedback.
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