Prawne instrumenty oddziaływania głowy państwa na parlament. Case studies systemów politycznych Federacji Rosyjskiej, Republiki Białorusi i Ukrainy

The possibility of exerting the influence on the functioning of one authority on another, provided by legislature, creates a danger of a disproportion between the strong position of one and the weakened of the other state authority. The purpose of the article was to analyse the legal instruments of the president’s influence on the parliament in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine. The research problem concerns the question to what extent the constitutional provisions in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine provide for legal instruments of influence of the head of state on the parliament? The presented research allows us to construct an index of the president’s influence on the parliament and to obtain the result for individual cases studies.