螺旋桨在地面效应下的数值分析

J. Svorcan, Aleksandar Kovačević, Toni Ivanov, A. Simonović
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着螺旋桨不同设计和应用(特别是未来城市飞行器)的数量不断增长,对螺旋桨流动的详细研究正在全球范围内重新引起人们的兴趣和意义。小型无人驾驶飞行器(UAV)螺旋桨的另一个独特特征是,它们意味着在大范围(以前被认为是非典型的)操作条件下运行,包括向后飞行,在障碍物附近飞行,硬/地面表面等。这些具体要求提出了近地对其气动性能影响的问题。本文计算研究了小型定制螺旋桨绕流的地面效应。考虑了不同的地面距离,并提出了新的推力和功率关系(依赖关系)。为了获得足够可靠和准确的结果并捕捉最显著的流动特征,采用有限体积法求解reynolds -平均Navier-Stokes (RANS)方程。此外,还提供了有趣的流程可视化。虽然得到的推力趋势与传统的半经验公式有很好的相关性,但在较小的地面距离下得到了更真实的估计。此外,近地对旋翼气动性能的积极影响再次得到确认和量化。
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Numerical analysis of o propeller in ground effect
Detailed studies of propeller flows are regaining both interest and significance worldwide, as the number of their different design and applications (particularly for futuristic urban air vehicles) continues to grow. An additional distinctive characteristic of small-scale unmanned air vehicles (UAV) propellers is that they are meant to operate in a wide range of (previously considered atypical) operating conditions, including backward flight, flight in the vicinity of obstacles, hard/ground surfaces, etc. These specific requirements raise the issue of the effects of ground proximity on their aerodynamic performance. This paper computationally investigates flows around a small-scale, custom-made propeller in ground effect. Different ground distances are considered and novel thrust and power relations (dependencies) on them are proposed. In order to obtain sufficiently reliable and accurate results and capture the most significant flow features, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations are solved by finite volume method. In addition, interesting flow visualizations are presented. Although the obtained thrust trend correlates well with the conventionally used semi-empirical formula, more realistic estimations are obtained for small ground distances. Furthermore, the positive effects of ground vicinity on rotor aerodynamic performances are once again confirmed and quantified.
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