Nano Drug Delivery Systems: A Mini-review

Medical nanotechnology is surfacing as a challenging arena covering new biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, treatment, nano diagnosis, controlled drug release, regenerative medicine, and disease prevention. The recent developments in the field of Nanotechnology have enabled the nanostructures to overcome the problems associated with drug delivery making them the promising agents for site-specific drug delivery with reduced side effects and the best treatment outcome. These nanodrug delivery systems are designed in such a way that they can breach the biological barrier and delivery the drug in a site-specific manner. They enhance the effectiveness of drugs by increasing the stability and water solubility of drugs and by increasing the rate at which these nano drug complexes are taken up by the cells and tissues. Dendrimers, nanocrystals, nano-polymer NPs, and liposomes are futuristic nano-based drug delivery systems. Smart polymers are future drug-delivery systems with cutting-edge precise technology that are employed in effective cellular targeting based on temperature, pH, photoresponsive, conductive and magnetic responsive smart polymers, respectively. This review provides a comprehensive view of various nanostructures and their application in drug delivery.