Relationship between gene mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor and clinical characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma

Objective To investigate the relationship between the gene mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the clinical characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods The clinical data of 194 patients with lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by surgical resection (pulmonary resection, wedge resection, or lobectomy) in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2017 to January 2019 were collected. The relationship between EGFR gene mutation and clinicopathological characteristics including sex, age, smoking history, tumor markers, adenocarcinoma pathological classification, extent of differentiation in patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed, further searched for factors that predicted the mutations of EGFR. Results In the 194 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, there were 120 cases (61.86%) with EGFR gene mutation, the mutation rate of female was higher than that of male (χ2=10.746, P=0.001), the mutation rate of EGFR gene in patients of age≥60 was higher than that in patients of age 0.05). Among the main pathological types of lung adenocarcinoma, the proportion of acinar type was the highest in EGFR mutation group(63.9%, 124/194), the others were solid type, papillary type, adherent type, mucinous adenocarcinoma, the differences between the main pathological types and EGFR gene mutation, the differentiation degree of each excised lesion were statistically significant (χ2=10.275, 17.131; P=0.001, 0.001). There were more exons 19 and exon 21 in EGFR mutants, further analysis showed that there was significant difference between different pathological sub-types and mutations of exon 19 and exon 21(χ2=18.613, P=0.001). Conclusions EGFR gene mutation is related to sex, age, smoking history, main pathological types and tumor differentiation degrees, but it is not related to tumor marker. Mutations of exon 19 and exon 21 are related to main pathological types. Key words: Lung adenocarcinoma; Epidermal growth factor; Receptor; Pathology