{"title":"普通向日葵水提液对大田豌豆种子萌发和生长的化感作用","authors":"D. Janusauskaite","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.003","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"As climate changes, the development of new agroecological systems and the diversification of crop rotations open new opportunities for growing sunflowers in the northern regions of Europe. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal region on other plants in crop rotation. This experiment was aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of different parts of the common sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) grown in the Boreal environmental zone on seed germination and growth of the field pea ( Pisum sativum L.). The following three factors were studied: factor A – two fertilisation levels of sunflower: unfertilised (N 0 P 0 K 0 ) and fertilised by N 80 P 60 K 90 ; factor B – three sunflower plants parts: leaves and stems (L+S), heads (H), and roots (R) for extract preparation; factor C – four concentrations (25%, 50%, and 75%) of sunflower aqueous extracts and deionised water (0%) as a control. All concentrations of sunflower extracts stimulated seed germination by 1.7– 6.7% at 4 days after sowing (4 DAS), compared to the control treatment. Extracts of heads and roots of sunflower had a significant ( p ≤ 0.05) inhibitory effect on pea root length and shoot length (7 DAS and 18 DAS, respectively). The roots extract contained the highest total polyphenolic content and total flavonoid content and had the greatest inhibitory effect on the fresh mass of roots and shoots. The data averaged across fertilisation level showed that 25% concentration of all sunflower parts extracts had a stimulatory effect, and extracts of 75% concentration had the highest inhibitory effect on root morphological parameters of pea. The results revealed that sunflower can be an allelopathic species causing a risk in a crop rotation. The suppressive effect of sunflowers on other plants including weeds can be applied in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the detailed studies are necessary for further reveal of the allelopathic effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal environmental zone not only on peas but also on other target crops.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of common sunflower on seed germination and growth of field pea\",\"authors\":\"D. Janusauskaite\",\"doi\":\"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.003\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"As climate changes, the development of new agroecological systems and the diversification of crop rotations open new opportunities for growing sunflowers in the northern regions of Europe. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal region on other plants in crop rotation. This experiment was aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of different parts of the common sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) grown in the Boreal environmental zone on seed germination and growth of the field pea ( Pisum sativum L.). The following three factors were studied: factor A – two fertilisation levels of sunflower: unfertilised (N 0 P 0 K 0 ) and fertilised by N 80 P 60 K 90 ; factor B – three sunflower plants parts: leaves and stems (L+S), heads (H), and roots (R) for extract preparation; factor C – four concentrations (25%, 50%, and 75%) of sunflower aqueous extracts and deionised water (0%) as a control. All concentrations of sunflower extracts stimulated seed germination by 1.7– 6.7% at 4 days after sowing (4 DAS), compared to the control treatment. Extracts of heads and roots of sunflower had a significant ( p ≤ 0.05) inhibitory effect on pea root length and shoot length (7 DAS and 18 DAS, respectively). The roots extract contained the highest total polyphenolic content and total flavonoid content and had the greatest inhibitory effect on the fresh mass of roots and shoots. The data averaged across fertilisation level showed that 25% concentration of all sunflower parts extracts had a stimulatory effect, and extracts of 75% concentration had the highest inhibitory effect on root morphological parameters of pea. The results revealed that sunflower can be an allelopathic species causing a risk in a crop rotation. The suppressive effect of sunflowers on other plants including weeds can be applied in sustainable agriculture. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
随着气候变化,新的农业生态系统的发展和作物轮作的多样化为欧洲北部地区种植向日葵提供了新的机会。然而,对于北方地区种植的向日葵在轮作中对其他植物的影响还缺乏认识。本试验旨在评价生长在北方环境区的普通向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)不同部位水提液对大田豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)种子萌发和生长的化感作用。研究了三个因素:因子A -向日葵的两个施肥水平:未施肥(N 0 P 0 K 0)和施肥(N 80 P 60 K 90);因子B -向日葵植物的三个部分:叶片和茎(L+S),头部(H)和根(R),用于提取制剂;因子C -四种浓度(25%,50%和75%)的向日葵水提取物和去离子水(0%)作为对照。与对照处理相比,所有浓度的向日葵提取物在播种后4天(4 DAS)刺激种子萌发1.7 - 6.7%。向日葵头和根提取物对豌豆根长和茎长有显著(p≤0.05)的抑制作用(分别为7 DAS和18 DAS)。根提取物的总多酚和总黄酮含量最高,对根和芽的鲜质量有最大的抑制作用。各施肥水平的平均数据表明,25%浓度的向日葵各部位提取物对豌豆根系形态参数有刺激作用,75%浓度的提取物对豌豆根系形态参数的抑制作用最大。结果表明,向日葵可能是一种化感植物,在作物轮作中造成风险。向日葵对杂草等其他植物的抑制作用可应用于可持续农业。因此,为了进一步揭示生长在北方环境区的向日葵不仅对豌豆,而且对其他目标作物的化感作用,有必要进行详细的研究。
Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of common sunflower on seed germination and growth of field pea
As climate changes, the development of new agroecological systems and the diversification of crop rotations open new opportunities for growing sunflowers in the northern regions of Europe. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal region on other plants in crop rotation. This experiment was aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of different parts of the common sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) grown in the Boreal environmental zone on seed germination and growth of the field pea ( Pisum sativum L.). The following three factors were studied: factor A – two fertilisation levels of sunflower: unfertilised (N 0 P 0 K 0 ) and fertilised by N 80 P 60 K 90 ; factor B – three sunflower plants parts: leaves and stems (L+S), heads (H), and roots (R) for extract preparation; factor C – four concentrations (25%, 50%, and 75%) of sunflower aqueous extracts and deionised water (0%) as a control. All concentrations of sunflower extracts stimulated seed germination by 1.7– 6.7% at 4 days after sowing (4 DAS), compared to the control treatment. Extracts of heads and roots of sunflower had a significant ( p ≤ 0.05) inhibitory effect on pea root length and shoot length (7 DAS and 18 DAS, respectively). The roots extract contained the highest total polyphenolic content and total flavonoid content and had the greatest inhibitory effect on the fresh mass of roots and shoots. The data averaged across fertilisation level showed that 25% concentration of all sunflower parts extracts had a stimulatory effect, and extracts of 75% concentration had the highest inhibitory effect on root morphological parameters of pea. The results revealed that sunflower can be an allelopathic species causing a risk in a crop rotation. The suppressive effect of sunflowers on other plants including weeds can be applied in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the detailed studies are necessary for further reveal of the allelopathic effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal environmental zone not only on peas but also on other target crops.
期刊介绍:
Zemdirbyste-Agriculture is a quarterly scientific journal which covers a wide range of topics in the field of agricultural sciences, agronomy. It publishes articles of original research findings in the English language in the field of agronomy (soil and crop management, crop production, plant protection, plant breeding and genetics, biotechnology, plant nutrition, agrochemistry, soil science, microbiology etc.) and related areas. Articles are peer-reviewed. Review, debating papers as well as those of a methodological nature will also be considered.