{"title":"用漂白剂分离出风化废物的微纤维素","authors":"Jeesica Hermayanti Pratama, Rizka Lailatul Rohmah, Amalia Amalia, Teguh Endah Saraswati","doi":"10.20961/alchemy.15.2.30862.239-250","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Isolasi selulosa dari tanaman Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) berhasil dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode bleaching diikuti dengan alkalinasi. Metode bleaching dilakukan menggunakan NaOCl dengan pengadukan dan pemanasan suhu rendah yaitu 80 oC selama 4 jam, diikuti dengan metode alkalinasi menggunakan NaOH dengan pemanasan pada suhu rendah yaitu 45 oC selama 3 jam. Penerapan metode bleaching dan alkalinasi ini bertujuan untuk delignifikasi dengan memutuskan rantai polimerik diantara selulosa dengan lignin atau hemiselulosa. Selain itu, proses oksidasi lanjut juga terjadi karena keberadaan HOCl dan OH- sebagai hasil peruraian NaOCl dan NaOH. Setelah pencucian hingga pH netral, hasil isolasi yang didapatkan adalah berupa serbuk putih yang secara fisis berbeda dari material awal sebelum perlakuan. Hasil rendemen berkisar 6 ─ 20% dengan penyusutan massa sebesar 80%. Analisa gugus fungsi hasil isolat dengan spektrometer Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan keberadaan serapan dari gugus hidroksil ─OH, ─C─H, =C─H, ─OH dan C=O (gugus karboksilat), C-H dan C─O, dan C─O─C pada cincin piranosa yang menguatkan keberhasilan isolasi selulosa. Berdasarkan observasi morfologi dan struktur dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM), selulosa hasil isolasi berbentuk butiran kristal dengan ukuran mikrometer yang secara signifikan berbeda dari penampakan fisis serat awal sebelum perlakuan.Isolation of Cellulose Microfiber from Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) Waste by Bleaching-Alkalization Method. Cellulose isolation from water hyacinth plants (Eichornia crassipes) was successfully performed using bleaching followed by alkalization methods. The bleaching method was carried out using NaOCl with stirring dan heating at a low temperature of 80 oC for 4 hours. This method was then followed by an alkalization method using NaOH with heating at a low temperature of 45 oC for 3 hours. The application of the bleaching followed by alkalization method aimed to proceed the delignification by breaking the polymeric chain between cellulose dan lignin or hemicellulose. In addition, the process of advanced oxidation also occurred due to the presence of HOCl dan OH- decomposed from NaOCl dan NaOH. The solid was then washed until the pH of the solution was neutral. As results, the white powder solid was obtained which was physically different from the initial material before treatment. The yield obtained was around 6 ─ 20% with a mass shrinkage of 80%. Analysis of the functional groups of the isolates using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometers showed the presence of the hydroxyl groups ─OH, ─C─H, =C─H, ─OH dan C=O (carboxylic groups), CH dan C ─O, dan C─O─C on the pyranose ring that reinforces the success of the cellulose isolation. Based on morphological dan structural observations under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the cellulose isolated was in crystalline granules in micrometer size which was significantly different compared to the physical appearance of the initial fiber before treatment.","PeriodicalId":7926,"journal":{"name":"Alchemy: Jurnal Penelitian Kimia","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Isolasi Mikroselulosa dari Limbah Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dengan Metode Bleaching-Alkalinasi\",\"authors\":\"Jeesica Hermayanti Pratama, Rizka Lailatul Rohmah, Amalia Amalia, Teguh Endah Saraswati\",\"doi\":\"10.20961/alchemy.15.2.30862.239-250\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Isolasi selulosa dari tanaman Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) berhasil dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode bleaching diikuti dengan alkalinasi. Metode bleaching dilakukan menggunakan NaOCl dengan pengadukan dan pemanasan suhu rendah yaitu 80 oC selama 4 jam, diikuti dengan metode alkalinasi menggunakan NaOH dengan pemanasan pada suhu rendah yaitu 45 oC selama 3 jam. Penerapan metode bleaching dan alkalinasi ini bertujuan untuk delignifikasi dengan memutuskan rantai polimerik diantara selulosa dengan lignin atau hemiselulosa. Selain itu, proses oksidasi lanjut juga terjadi karena keberadaan HOCl dan OH- sebagai hasil peruraian NaOCl dan NaOH. Setelah pencucian hingga pH netral, hasil isolasi yang didapatkan adalah berupa serbuk putih yang secara fisis berbeda dari material awal sebelum perlakuan. Hasil rendemen berkisar 6 ─ 20% dengan penyusutan massa sebesar 80%. Analisa gugus fungsi hasil isolat dengan spektrometer Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan keberadaan serapan dari gugus hidroksil ─OH, ─C─H, =C─H, ─OH dan C=O (gugus karboksilat), C-H dan C─O, dan C─O─C pada cincin piranosa yang menguatkan keberhasilan isolasi selulosa. Berdasarkan observasi morfologi dan struktur dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM), selulosa hasil isolasi berbentuk butiran kristal dengan ukuran mikrometer yang secara signifikan berbeda dari penampakan fisis serat awal sebelum perlakuan.Isolation of Cellulose Microfiber from Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) Waste by Bleaching-Alkalization Method. Cellulose isolation from water hyacinth plants (Eichornia crassipes) was successfully performed using bleaching followed by alkalization methods. The bleaching method was carried out using NaOCl with stirring dan heating at a low temperature of 80 oC for 4 hours. This method was then followed by an alkalization method using NaOH with heating at a low temperature of 45 oC for 3 hours. The application of the bleaching followed by alkalization method aimed to proceed the delignification by breaking the polymeric chain between cellulose dan lignin or hemicellulose. In addition, the process of advanced oxidation also occurred due to the presence of HOCl dan OH- decomposed from NaOCl dan NaOH. The solid was then washed until the pH of the solution was neutral. As results, the white powder solid was obtained which was physically different from the initial material before treatment. The yield obtained was around 6 ─ 20% with a mass shrinkage of 80%. Analysis of the functional groups of the isolates using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometers showed the presence of the hydroxyl groups ─OH, ─C─H, =C─H, ─OH dan C=O (carboxylic groups), CH dan C ─O, dan C─O─C on the pyranose ring that reinforces the success of the cellulose isolation. Based on morphological dan structural observations under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the cellulose isolated was in crystalline granules in micrometer size which was significantly different compared to the physical appearance of the initial fiber before treatment.\",\"PeriodicalId\":7926,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Alchemy: Jurnal Penelitian Kimia\",\"volume\":\"165 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-09-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Alchemy: Jurnal Penelitian Kimia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.15.2.30862.239-250\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Alchemy: Jurnal Penelitian Kimia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.20961/alchemy.15.2.30862.239-250","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
摘要
我们成功地用漂白剂和碱性方法分离了水葫芦的纤维素。漂白剂使用NaOCl加热4个小时,然后用NaOH加热3个小时。这种去除和碱化方法的应用是通过切断纤维素和褐素或血红素之间的聚合链来提升。此外,由于NaOCl和NaOH的存在,氧化过程还在继续。从清洗到中性pH值,分离的结果是白色粉末,与治疗前的材料不同。结果rendemen范围6─折旧20%和80%质量。集群功能隔离的结果分析与傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)展示了个羟基─星团的吸收的存在哦,─C─H, H = C──哦,C = O(羧酸),奇和星团─O, O和C──是C的戒指piranosa加强成功分离纤维素。根据形态观察和结构,使用扫描显微镜(SEM),从晶体颗粒分离出来的纤维素与治疗前早期纤维的出现显著不同。从海水中分离出来的微型纤维细胞(Eichornia craspes)被漂白剂碱化的方法浪费了。来自hyacinth plants (Eichornia crassipes)的海水隔离被证明是成功的。4小时内用80盎司的低温加热和加热NaOCl被废弃的方法解决了问题。这一方法随后被一种碱性方法采用,方法是在3小时45摄氏度的低温度下使用NaOH。由碱性碱性导致的漂白剂使细胞分裂和血友病之间的聚合链得以实现。另外,在补充中,高级oxi紧张的过程也会受到HOCl的青睐,对NaOCl和NaOH的dedepose。固体被冲走,直到解决方案的pH值被中和。据推测,白粉固体与治疗前的初步材料不同。《收益获得6─周围是用80%的a团shrinkage 20%。分析》《isolates functional集团用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR) spectrometers先声》那里hydroxyl C集团─哦,──H, H = C──哦,C = O (carboxylic集团),CH和─O, O和C──是C success》《拳台pyranose那加强cellulose isolation。根据扫描仪微镜下的形态和结构观察,细胞被隔离在微米的晶体中,对治疗前的生理纤维表现有明显的不同。
Isolasi Mikroselulosa dari Limbah Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dengan Metode Bleaching-Alkalinasi
Isolasi selulosa dari tanaman Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) berhasil dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode bleaching diikuti dengan alkalinasi. Metode bleaching dilakukan menggunakan NaOCl dengan pengadukan dan pemanasan suhu rendah yaitu 80 oC selama 4 jam, diikuti dengan metode alkalinasi menggunakan NaOH dengan pemanasan pada suhu rendah yaitu 45 oC selama 3 jam. Penerapan metode bleaching dan alkalinasi ini bertujuan untuk delignifikasi dengan memutuskan rantai polimerik diantara selulosa dengan lignin atau hemiselulosa. Selain itu, proses oksidasi lanjut juga terjadi karena keberadaan HOCl dan OH- sebagai hasil peruraian NaOCl dan NaOH. Setelah pencucian hingga pH netral, hasil isolasi yang didapatkan adalah berupa serbuk putih yang secara fisis berbeda dari material awal sebelum perlakuan. Hasil rendemen berkisar 6 ─ 20% dengan penyusutan massa sebesar 80%. Analisa gugus fungsi hasil isolat dengan spektrometer Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan keberadaan serapan dari gugus hidroksil ─OH, ─C─H, =C─H, ─OH dan C=O (gugus karboksilat), C-H dan C─O, dan C─O─C pada cincin piranosa yang menguatkan keberhasilan isolasi selulosa. Berdasarkan observasi morfologi dan struktur dengan menggunakan scanning electron microscope (SEM), selulosa hasil isolasi berbentuk butiran kristal dengan ukuran mikrometer yang secara signifikan berbeda dari penampakan fisis serat awal sebelum perlakuan.Isolation of Cellulose Microfiber from Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) Waste by Bleaching-Alkalization Method. Cellulose isolation from water hyacinth plants (Eichornia crassipes) was successfully performed using bleaching followed by alkalization methods. The bleaching method was carried out using NaOCl with stirring dan heating at a low temperature of 80 oC for 4 hours. This method was then followed by an alkalization method using NaOH with heating at a low temperature of 45 oC for 3 hours. The application of the bleaching followed by alkalization method aimed to proceed the delignification by breaking the polymeric chain between cellulose dan lignin or hemicellulose. In addition, the process of advanced oxidation also occurred due to the presence of HOCl dan OH- decomposed from NaOCl dan NaOH. The solid was then washed until the pH of the solution was neutral. As results, the white powder solid was obtained which was physically different from the initial material before treatment. The yield obtained was around 6 ─ 20% with a mass shrinkage of 80%. Analysis of the functional groups of the isolates using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometers showed the presence of the hydroxyl groups ─OH, ─C─H, =C─H, ─OH dan C=O (carboxylic groups), CH dan C ─O, dan C─O─C on the pyranose ring that reinforces the success of the cellulose isolation. Based on morphological dan structural observations under a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the cellulose isolated was in crystalline granules in micrometer size which was significantly different compared to the physical appearance of the initial fiber before treatment.