Risk factors of urinary tract infection after rigid ureteroscopy for upper urinary tract calculi

Objective To analyze the risk factors of urinary tract infection after rigid ureteroscopy for upper urinary tract calculi. Methods A total of 37 patients with urinary tract infection after rigid ureteroscopy for upper urinary tract calculi who were treated in the Fifth People’s Hospital of Datong from April 2017 to July 2018 were enrolled. After rigid ureteroscopy treatment, cleaned urine samples were collected from the 37 patients by sterile tubes, and were immediately sent to the laboratory bacteria room for bacterial culture. The patient’s age, gender, body mass index, major diameter of stone, type of stone obstruction, operation time, and related basic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension were recorded in detail. The relationships between the above factors and postoperative urinary tract infection were analyzed. Results A total of 64 pathogenic bacteria were cultured in 37 patients with urinary tract infection after rigid ureteroscopy for upper urinary tract calculi. Most of them were Gram-negative bacteria, of which the Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were dominant, accounting for 18.75% (12/64) and 35.94% (23/64) respectively. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were the predominant types, accounting for 7.81% (5/64) and 6.25%(4/64), respectively. There were only 2 strains of fungi, accounting for 3.13%. The risk factors of urinary tract infection after rigid ureteroscopy for upper urinary tract calculi were age, major diameter of stone, type of stone obstruction, diabetes mellitus and operation time (P<0.05). Conclusions Age, major diameter of stone, type of stone obstruction, diabetes mellitus and operative time are risk factors of urinary tract infection in patients with upper urinary tract calculi treated by rigid ureteroscopy. And the major pathogenic bacteria of the disease are Gram-negative bacteria. Key words: Ureteroscopy; Upper urinary tract calculi; Infection; High risk factors