{"title":"印楝叶乙醇提取物对粪肠球菌体外抗菌活性研究","authors":"S. Suhartono, C. Soraya, Putri Shabira","doi":"10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i2.p98-103","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enterococcus faecalis commonly infects root canals by forming a biofilm. Extracts from neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) have been shown to have antibacterial properties, indicating their potential in preventing or treating biofilm formation caused by bacteria. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the phytochemical compounds present in neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and establish the concentration of ethanol-based neem leaf extract that can effectively inhibit the in vitro growth of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Methods: This study employed the maceration technique for extraction, gas chromatography mass spectroscopy for the analysis of plant chemicals, and a microtiter plate assay for measuring biofilm formation with treatment concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, with a positive control of 0.2% chlorhexidine. Results: A phytochemical analysis revealed that the ethanol extract of neem leaves contained 22 different metabolites, mainly terpenoids and fatty acids. The extract demonstrated antibiofilm activity only at a concentration of 12.5% with an average biofilm inhibition of 36.85%. However, lower concentrations of 6.25%, 25%, 50%, and 75% had the opposite effect, promoting biofilm formation in Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion: Phytochemical metabolite contained in the ethanolic extracts of neem leaves might contribute a promising agent in treating a biofilm-mediated root canal infection of Enterococcus faecalis.","PeriodicalId":11034,"journal":{"name":"Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Antibiofilm activity of neem leaf (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) ethanolic extracts against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro\",\"authors\":\"S. Suhartono, C. Soraya, Putri Shabira\",\"doi\":\"10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i2.p98-103\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background: Enterococcus faecalis commonly infects root canals by forming a biofilm. Extracts from neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) have been shown to have antibacterial properties, indicating their potential in preventing or treating biofilm formation caused by bacteria. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the phytochemical compounds present in neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and establish the concentration of ethanol-based neem leaf extract that can effectively inhibit the in vitro growth of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Methods: This study employed the maceration technique for extraction, gas chromatography mass spectroscopy for the analysis of plant chemicals, and a microtiter plate assay for measuring biofilm formation with treatment concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, with a positive control of 0.2% chlorhexidine. Results: A phytochemical analysis revealed that the ethanol extract of neem leaves contained 22 different metabolites, mainly terpenoids and fatty acids. The extract demonstrated antibiofilm activity only at a concentration of 12.5% with an average biofilm inhibition of 36.85%. However, lower concentrations of 6.25%, 25%, 50%, and 75% had the opposite effect, promoting biofilm formation in Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion: Phytochemical metabolite contained in the ethanolic extracts of neem leaves might contribute a promising agent in treating a biofilm-mediated root canal infection of Enterococcus faecalis.\",\"PeriodicalId\":11034,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)\",\"volume\":\"5 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-03-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i2.p98-103\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"Dentistry\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v56.i2.p98-103","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Dentistry","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
摘要
背景:粪肠球菌通常通过形成生物膜感染根管。印楝叶提取物(印楝叶)已被证明具有抗菌特性,表明其在预防或治疗细菌引起的生物膜形成方面的潜力。目的:研究印楝叶(Azadirachta indica A. Juss)中的植物化学成分,建立能有效抑制粪肠球菌生物膜体外生长的乙醇基印楝叶提取物的浓度。方法:采用浸渍法提取,气相色谱质谱法分析植物化学成分,微滴板法测定生物膜形成,处理浓度分别为6.25%、12.5%、25%、50%和75%,阳性对照为0.2%氯己定。结果:经植物化学分析,印楝叶乙醇提取物含有22种不同的代谢产物,主要是萜类和脂肪酸。该提取物仅在浓度为12.5%时表现出抗膜活性,平均生物膜抑制率为36.85%。然而,6.25%、25%、50%和75%的较低浓度会产生相反的效果,促进粪肠球菌生物膜的形成。结论:印楝叶乙醇提取物中含有的植物化学代谢物可能是治疗生物膜介导的粪肠球菌根管感染的一种有前景的药物。
Antibiofilm activity of neem leaf (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) ethanolic extracts against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro
Background: Enterococcus faecalis commonly infects root canals by forming a biofilm. Extracts from neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) have been shown to have antibacterial properties, indicating their potential in preventing or treating biofilm formation caused by bacteria. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the phytochemical compounds present in neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and establish the concentration of ethanol-based neem leaf extract that can effectively inhibit the in vitro growth of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Methods: This study employed the maceration technique for extraction, gas chromatography mass spectroscopy for the analysis of plant chemicals, and a microtiter plate assay for measuring biofilm formation with treatment concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, with a positive control of 0.2% chlorhexidine. Results: A phytochemical analysis revealed that the ethanol extract of neem leaves contained 22 different metabolites, mainly terpenoids and fatty acids. The extract demonstrated antibiofilm activity only at a concentration of 12.5% with an average biofilm inhibition of 36.85%. However, lower concentrations of 6.25%, 25%, 50%, and 75% had the opposite effect, promoting biofilm formation in Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion: Phytochemical metabolite contained in the ethanolic extracts of neem leaves might contribute a promising agent in treating a biofilm-mediated root canal infection of Enterococcus faecalis.