搅拌摩擦制备的Al/SiC复合材料表层组织与力学性能

C.M. Abreu , R. Acuña , M. Cabeza , M.J. Cristóbal , P. Merino , D. Verdera
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引用次数: 15

摘要

金属基复合材料(MMCs)是一类具有良好耐磨性和高硬度的新型材料。由于耐磨性和硬度是表面性能,如果只在表面层中添加增强颗粒而不添加体,则可以在不牺牲体性能的情况下提高耐磨性和表面硬度。在本研究中,试图通过搅拌摩擦处理(FSP)将微尺寸SiC颗粒掺入AA2024-T351铝合金中,形成表面复合层。将平均粒径为22.7 μm的SiC颗粒填入铝板上1.5 mm宽、1.5 mm深的凹槽中。研究了不同强化策略(强化次数和强化方向)对颗粒分布和均匀性的影响。显微结构观察采用光学和扫描电子显微镜进行。此外,利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术获得了晶体取向、晶粒尺寸分布和织构等晶体学数据。结果证实了合金在熔核区产生的晶粒细化。另一方面,虽然硬度没有增加,但表面复合层的耐磨性优于铝基合金,其比磨损率较低(27%)。
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al/SiC composite surface layer produced by friction stir processing

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are a new class of materials that exhibit good wear resistance and high hardness. Since the wear resistance and hardness are surface properties, if the reinforcing particles are only added to the surface layer instead of bulk, the wear resistance and surface hardness can be improved without sacrificing the bulk properties.

In this study, was attempted to incorporate micro-sized SiC particles into an AA2024-T351 aluminium alloy by a friction stir processing (FSP) to form surface composite layer. The SiC particles (average particle size of 22.7 μm) were packed into a groove of 1.5 mm width and 1.5 mm depth cut on the aluminium plate. The influence to probe several strategies for reinforcement (number and direction of passes) on the particle distribution and homogeneity was studied.

Microstructural observations were carried out by employing both optical and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) technique was used to obtain crystallographic data as crystal orientation, grain size distribution and texture. The results have confirmed the refinement of grain produced in the nugget region of the processed alloy. On the other hand, although there is not an increase of hardness, surface composite layer presents better wear resistance than the aluminium base alloy as indicated by a lower specific wear rate (27%).

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