Effect of sulphur and nitrogen fertilisation on winter wheat in Calcaric Luvisol

In 2019–2021, the experiment was carried out with the aim to investigate how sulphur (S) fertiliser rates under different nitrogen (N) fertiliser backgrounds influenced winter wheat grain yield, grain quality, and plant productivity indicators. The winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar ‘Janne’ was grown in four N background treatments with N 60 , N 120 , N 180 , and N 240 without S fertilisation and also fertilised with S 15 (in all N fertilisation treatments), S 30 (only with N 120 and N 240 ), and S 60 (only with N 240 ). The results showed that S fertilisation increased the wheat grain yield significantly in individual research years and only in the plots fertilised with higher N rates. N fertilisers increased the protein content, sedimentation, and gluten content of the grain, while S fertilisers only in one year and only in the N 180 fertilisation treatment. The results of experiment showed that the N:S ratio for the winter wheat at the BBCH 30 growth stage was in the range of 8–16, and at the BBCH 65 it was in the range of 9–19 indicating that the winter wheat was optimally or even more than optimally supplied with S.