20世纪70年代的苏联编辑(以乌拉齐默·卡拉特基维奇的《基督登陆格罗德诺:犹大的福音》为例)

IF 0.1 0 HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.17223/23062061/28/7
Piotr P. Zhauniarovich
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引用次数: 0

摘要

编辑的分支(科学知识领域和实践活动领域)在20世纪70年代经常处于矛盾状态。一方面,主张作者的言论自由和编辑对作者稿件的认真态度;另一方面,出版也有很多意识形态党组织和审查机构干预的事实:没有他们的批准,任何一本书都不能出版。为了揭示对文学文本的干预程度,作者比较了白俄罗斯作家乌拉齐默·卡拉特基维奇(Uladzimer Karatkievich)的小说《基督在格罗德诺登陆:犹大的福音》(Christ landing in Grodno: the Gospel of Judas)的两个保留打字的版本(1972年和1980年)。他分析了删除单独片段、删除和替换单词和句子部分的原因,并提出了编辑活动的可能动机。作者在编辑分析时注意小说的复杂性,在编辑时注意参考圣经文本和各种宗教历史参考资料的必要性。研究发现了许多更正。删除单独片段的主要原因是为了揭示作者的立场,这是根据苏联社会推断出来的,不符合马克思列宁主义意识形态的形成,其表现的无神论取向。编辑往往一意孤行,诋毁作者的风格,破坏作者的本意,毫无根据地替换自己不舒服的词语。作者在1972年和1980年的版本中发现了差异。它们证明了编辑缺乏专业精神。作者提到卡拉特基耶维奇的小说成为20世纪下半叶白俄罗斯文学中的一种现象,直到2015年,小说的原著才在白俄罗斯共和国出版。研究证明,在苏联时期出版的所有作家的遗产都需要进行严格的研究,包括手稿和打字稿的比较(如果有的话),以及在作者的版本中出版遗产。这就需要有新的译本,让外国读者熟悉卡拉特基耶维奇的原著。
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Soviet editing in the 1970s (On the example of Uladzimer Karatkievich’s Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas)
Branches of editing (field of scientific knowledge and a sphere of practical activity) in the 1970s were often in the state of contradiction. On the one hand, freedom of the author’s expression and the editors’ careful attitude to authors’ manuscripts were claimed; on the other hand, publishing saw numerous facts of intervention of ideological party bodies and censorship: without their approval no book could be published. To reveal the degree of intervention into a literary text, the author compares two (1972 and 1980) editions, with preserved typewriting, of the novel Christ Landed in Grodno: The Gospel of Judas by the Belarusian writer Uladzimer Karatkievich. He analyzes the reasons for deleting separate fragments, erasing and replacing words and parts of sentences, and suggests the possible motivation for the editors’ activities. The author pays attention to the novel’s complexity for editorial analysis, to the necessity of reference to the texts of the Holy Bible and different reference materials on religious history when editing. The research revealed numerous corrections. The main reason for deleting separate fragments was the revealing of the author’s position, which was extrapolated on the Soviet society and did not correspond to the formation of Marxist-Leninist ideology with its expressive atheistic orientation. Editors often showed arbitrariness and leveled the author’s style, destroyed the author’s intention, and groundlessly replaced words and expressions uncomfortable for them. The author found differences in the editions of 1972 and 1980. They testify to the lack of the editors’ professionalism. The author mentions the fact that Karatkievich’s novel became a phenomenon in the Belarusian literature of the second half of the 20th century, and it was only in 2015 that the original text of the novel was published in the Republic of Belarus. The research proves that all the writer’s heritage published in Soviet times needs a rigorous study, including comparison of manuscripts and typescripts (if available), and the publishing of the heritage in the author’s edition. This will entail the need for new translations which will acquaint foreign readers with Karatkievich’s original texts.
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Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing
Tekst Kniga Knigoizdanie-Text Book Publishing HUMANITIES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
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