全球变暖对Prysyvashsha条件下冬粮热液指标及越冬的影响

I. Kostyria, M. Ostapenko, M. K. Bondarenko
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摘要

时事性。全球变暖导致的气候变化决定了当前农业发展阶段研究活动的重要和相关领域。气候变化影响着自然资源的潜力,因此在确定农业生产发展方式时要考虑到这些变化的局限性。目的。确定气候条件变化导致的全球变暖对Prysyvashsha冬季谷物越冬的影响。材料与方法。研究资料为中国科学院东南粮食作物研究所Heni-chesk实验站基本气候指标的长期观测资料。结果。分析了2004-2020年全球变暖背景下Prysyvashsha主要气候指标的变化。研究了2015-2018年冬季冬粮分蘖节点深度土壤冻结深度和最低温度。年平均气温升高,导致土壤冻结深度减小,分蘖点深度温度升高,冬期缩短。结论。根据研究结果,作为农业技术措施的关键部分之一,迫切需要找到更优的冬小麦和大麦播种日期,以便在乌克兰干旱草原地带的新环境条件下更好地适应冬季作物并提高其生产力。关键词:全球变暖,气候变化,气温,土壤温度,降水,冬小麦,冬大麦,播期,土壤冻结深度
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Influence of global warming on hydrothermal indicators and overwintering of winter cereals in the conditions of Prysyvashsha
Topicality. Climate change due to global warming determines important and relevant areas of re-search activities at the current stage of agricultural development. Climate change affects the potential of natural resources therefore the limits of these changes are taken into account when determining the ways of agricultural production development. Purpose. To determine the impact of global warming as a result of changing climatic conditions on the overwintering of winter cereals in Prysyvashsha. Materials and Methods. The research materials were long-term observations of the basic climatic indicators at the Heni-chesk Experimental Station of the SE Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS. Results. Changes of the main climatic indicators against the background of global warming in Prysyvashsha for the 2004–2020 were analyzed. During 2015–2018, the soil freezing depth and the minimum temperature at the depth of the tillering node of winter cereals during the winter period were investigated. An increase in the average annual air temperature was recorded, which caused a decrease in the soil freezing depth and an increase in its temperature at the depth of the tillering node and shortening of the winter period. Conclusions. According to the results of the study, there is an essential need to find more optimal dates for sowing winter wheat and barley as one of the key segments of agrotechnical measures, which provides better adaptation of winter crops and increase their productivity when grown in new environmental conditions in the arid Steppe zone of Ukraine. Key words: global warming, climate change, air temperature, soil temperature, precipitation, winter wheat, winter barley, sowing dates, depth of soil freezing
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