Inter-Turn Short Circuit Fault Diagnosis for PMSM Predictive Control System Based on Duration-Space-Vector Technique

Among all the different fault types in permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs), the stator inter-turn short circuit fault is one of the most severe, which can jeopardize the safety of PMSM drive systems easily. This article proposes a diagnosis method of inter-turn short circuit fault for PMSMs based on the duration of the space vectors via finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) strategy. The method is performed by evaluating whether the duration of different space vectors has changed or not, following that, the specific changing space vectors are used to locate the phase sequence where the fault happened. Furthermore, this study proposes that the observed space vector distribution characteristics can be qualitatively explained by closed-loop control for the suppression of inter-turn short circuit fault. The prominent advantage of the proposed method is that no additional sensors are necessary, the little burden is added to the microcontroller and it also works well for variable frequency control. The results of the simulation verify the effectiveness of the proposed diagnosis method to detect and locate inter-turn short circuit faults.